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  • 學位論文

共生質改善酒精餵食大白鼠之腸道菌相及酒精性肝病

Synbiotics Improve Intestinal Microbiota and Alcoholic Liver Diseases in Ethanol-feeding Rats

指導教授 : 楊素卿

摘要


近年來許多研究指出,腸道健康與酒精性肝病 (alcoholic liver diseases) 存在著密切關係,而共生質 (synbiotics) 已被證實具有促進腸道有益菌 (beneficial bacteria) 生長及維持腸道健康之功效。因此,本研究以腸道健康的觀點,探討共生質介入後對於大白鼠酒精性肝病之改善效果。實驗使用八週齡雄性Wistar大白鼠,經一週預養後,依據血漿肝功能指標AST、ALT活性分為控制組攝取蒸餾水組 (C)、控制組攝取共生質水組 (C+S,共生質給予量1.5 g/kg BW/day)、酒精組攝取蒸餾水組 (E) 及酒精組攝取共生質水組 (E+S,共生質給予量1.5 g/kg BW/day)。E及E+S組給予酒精液體飼料,C及C+S組給予不含酒精之正常液體飼料 (使用麥芽糊精取代酒精所佔的熱量),並根據E組進行對飼育 (pair-fed) 以達等熱量攝食。於實驗第十一週時進行腸道通透性 (intestinal permeability) 分析及收集糞便樣本進行菌相分析,於第十二週時犧牲動物並收集血液、肝臟及小腸樣本進行分析。結果發現,攝取酒精十二週之大白鼠血漿AST、ALT活性上升,血清內毒素 (endotoxin) 濃度上升,肝臟促發炎細胞激素TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α)、IL-1β (interleukin-1β) 及IL-6濃度增加,並降低肝臟抗發炎細胞激素IL-10濃度。另一方面,攝取酒精之大白鼠肝臟TG (triglycerides) 濃度及肝臟CYP2E1 (cytochrome P450 2E1) 蛋白質表現量亦上升。腸道完整性方面,攝取酒精之大白鼠腸道通透性上升,且增加糞便中大腸桿菌 (Escherichia coli) 數量及減少糞便中雙歧桿菌 (Bifidobacteria) 數量及乳酸桿菌 (Lactobacilli) 數量。由肝臟組織病理切片亦發現,酒精會造成肝細胞發炎反應、脂肪堆積及出現Mallory body的現象。當同時補充共生質十二週後,可顯著降低血清內毒素含量,也可顯著降低肝臟TNF-α濃度及增加肝臟IL-10濃度。此外,同時補充共生質十二週之下,可顯著降低肝臟TG濃度、肝臟CYP2E1蛋白質表現量。腸道方面,補充共生質後可顯著增加糞便中雙歧桿菌數量及乳酸桿菌數量並可改善腸道通透性上升的狀況。由肝臟組織病理切片亦可發現共生質具有改善細胞發炎反應及脂肪堆積的效果。綜合以上,推論攝取酒精之大白鼠並同時補充共生質十二週後,可藉由改善腸道菌相組成及維持腸道完整性,進而降低大白鼠體內發炎反應及氧化壓力 (oxidative stress),以達到改善大白鼠酒精性肝病之效果。

並列摘要


Clinical and animal experiment indicated that gut-derived endotoxin and intestinal microbiota contributed to the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver diseases (ALD). The aim of this study was to investigate whether synbiotics supplementation can improve ALD in rats by altering intestinal microbiota composition and improving intestinal integrity. Male Wistar rats were acclimated for 1 week, and then divided into 4 groups according to plasma AST and ALT activities, and subjected to either, normal liquid diet (C), normal liquid diet with synbiotics supplementation (C+S, synbiotics: 1.5 g/kg BW/day), ethanol liquid diet (E, modified from Lieber-DeCarli ethanol liquid diet), or ethanol liquid diet with synbiotics supplementation (E+S, synbiotics: 1.5 g/kg BW/day) for 12 weeks. Data of 12 weeks ethanol-feeding group showed an increase in plasma AST and ALT activities, endotoxin levels, hepatic TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels, and a decrease in hepatic IL-10 level. Twelve weeks of ethanol-feeding also contributed to increased hepatic TG level and promoted CYP2E1 protein expression, while simultaneously decreased Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli amounts in fecal. Synbiotics supplementation effectively attenuated the alcohol-induced endotoxin, hepatic TNF-α level, and increased the hepatic IL-10 level. Synbiotics supplementation also reduced CYP2E1 protein expression and decreased the hepatic TG level. Furthermore, synbiotics supplementation protected the rats against alcohol-induced hyper-permeability of intestine, and significantly increased Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli amounts in fecal. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that synbiotics possess a novel hepatoprotective function in rats with ALD by improving alcohol-induced injuries in the gut-liver axis.

參考文獻


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