台灣地區成年人不食用早餐的習慣與肥胖及健康相關生活品質之相關性

Association of Breakfast Skipping With Obesity and Health-Related Quality of Life of Taiwanese Adults

胡倖慈(Hsing-Tzu Hu)

指導教授 ： 蔡佩珊

共同指導教授 ： 廖媛美

臺北醫學大學/護理學院/護理學研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6831/TMU.2010.00213

摘要

本研究目的為探討不食用早餐習慣與肥胖及健康相關生活品質之相關性。此外，本研究測下列假說：食用早餐的頻率與肥胖之比率呈現劑量效應關係。
本研究係利用行政院衛生署國民健康局提供之「民國九十四年國民健康訪問暨藥物濫用調查」資料庫進行分析，樣本數共15,340人。將一周食用早餐一天以下者定義為不食用早餐習慣者，將身體質量指數大於或等於27.0公斤/公尺平方(kg/m2)者定義為肥胖，健康相關生活品質以SF-36量表施測結果作為評量指標。以邏輯式迴歸檢定及95%信賴區間分析比較不食用早餐與食用早餐者之肥胖勝算比，以多變項之邏輯式迴歸校正可能造成影響的共變數。
本研究結果顯示，不食用早餐習慣者發生肥胖的勝算比為1.23(95% CI：1.06, 1.43)相對高於有食用早餐習慣者，再控制了影響肥胖之人口學、健康行為等因子，包括控制年齡、性別、經濟狀況、教育程度、婚姻、吸菸、飲酒、嚼檳榔、運動習慣之後，不食用早餐習慣者發生肥胖的勝算比為1.34(95% CI：1.15, 1.56)，仍相對高於有食用早餐習慣者。以Cochran-Armitage趨勢檢定不食用早餐習慣者之肥胖比率相對於有食用早餐習慣者，發現不食用早餐習慣者之肥胖比率相對高於有食用早餐習慣者，且會隨著食用早餐次數的增加，肥胖比率呈現下降的趨勢( p = .005)。
此外，不食用早餐習慣者之健康相關生活品質總分顯著低於食用早餐習慣者( p < .001)，在SF-36量表八個次量表中，整體健康( p < .001)、活力( p < .001)、社會功能(p = .036)、因情緒導致角色限制( p < .001)及心理健康( p < .001)等五項次量表分數顯著低於食用早餐者。
本研究結果支持不食用早餐習慣可能是造成肥胖的因素之一。

關鍵字

不食用早餐習慣 ； 健康相關生活品質 ； 健康相關行為

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of breakfast skipping with obesity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). In addition, it was hypothesized that there is a dose-dependent relationship between frequency of breakfast consumption and prevalence of obesity.
This cross-section study used a national representative sample (n = 15,340) from the 2005 Taiwan National Health Interview Survey. Breakfast skippers were defined as those who ate breakfast about once a week or less often and those who never ate breakfast. Individuals were classified as ‘obese’ if their body mass index was ≥27. HRQOL was assessed using the Medical Outcome Studies 36-Item Short-Form (SF-36) Health Survey. Logistic regression was used to examine the odds ratio of obesity and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in breakfast skippers compared with breakfast eaters. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to adjust all risk estimates for covariates.
The unadjusted odds ratio of obesity in breakfast skippers was 1.23 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.43). The odds of developing obesity for breakfast skippers was

1.34 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.56) controlling for age, sex, marital status, educational level, monthly income, smoking, alcohol, betel nut chewing and exercise habit. The Cochran–Armitage trend test revealed that the prevalence rate of obesity decreased as the frequency of breakfast consumption increased (p = .005). Breakfast skippers had significantly worse health-related QOL than breakfast eaters (p < .001). Moreover, breakfast skippers had significantly lower scores in 5 out of 8 domain scores of the SF-36, namely general health perceptions (p < .001), vitality (p < .001), social functioning (p = .036), emotional role (p < .001) and mental health (p < .001).
The findings from this study add support to the potential role of breakfast skipping in the development of obesity.

並列關鍵字

breakfast skipping ； health-related quality of life ； health-related habitual behaviors

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