奈米粒子於光動力殺菌之應用

醫藥科技的日新月異，使得許多過去無法治療的疾病得以治癒，卻也導致許多問題產生，例如院內微生物感染的抗藥性問題。為解決這個問題，光動力殺菌逐漸成為替代性治療微生物的方式。先前已有研究發現多醣體(polysaccharide)應用在抗生素治療中，能降低抗生素的使用濃度；應用於光動力作用上，能夠提升光動力作用抑制細菌生長的效果。然而光動力目前於動物及臨床上仍存在許多問題，如菌體無法與光感物質接觸。因此，本實驗以多醣體分別包覆帶負電之赤蘚紅以及帶正電之甲苯胺藍後，探討赤蘚紅奈米粒子與甲苯胺藍奈米粒子對金黃色葡萄球菌、轉糖鏈球菌、綠膿桿菌及白色念珠菌之殺菌效果。本研究藉由帶正電多醣體與帶負電三聚磷酸鈉利用離子凝膠法進行奈米粒子之製備，發現多醣體、三聚磷酸鈉以及光感物質濃度皆會影響奈米粒子之形成、粒徑大小及帶電量；且多醣體與三聚磷酸鈉比例亦會影響粒子之特性。將奈米粒子與懸浮菌體及生物膜共同培養，發現以多醣體包覆光感物質本身對菌體無毒性。經由照光誘發光動力效應後，發現赤蘚紅奈米粒子對轉糖鏈球菌、綠膿桿菌、白色念珠菌之懸浮及生物膜殺菌效果皆優於未包覆赤蘚紅溶液。甲苯胺藍奈米粒子對金黃色葡萄球菌、綠膿桿菌、白色念珠菌之懸浮及生物膜殺菌效果亦優於未包覆甲苯胺藍溶液，且隨著培養時間增加，殺菌效果亦有增加的趨勢。以多醣體包覆光感物質製成之奈米粒子對革蘭氏陽性菌、革蘭氏陰性菌、以及真菌等懸浮菌體及生物膜有良好之光動力殺菌效果，顯示奈米載體在未來的光動力殺菌應用上極具潛力。

關鍵字

光動力殺菌；奈米粒子；多醣體；赤蘚紅；甲苯胺藍

並列摘要

Pathogenic microorganisms have become one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections. Methods other than the use of antibiotics however, are needed for the treatment of infections due to the increase in prevalence and severity of drug resistance. Recently, photodynamic inactivation (PDI) gained attention as a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of infections and eradication of pathogenic microorganisms. Several biomaterials could be used to facilitate PDI of which polysaccharides were shown to potentiate the efficacy of PDI against bacteria and yeast. In this study, Erythrosine and TBO-loaded polysaccharide nanoparticles were prepared by ionotropic gelation method and tested for their photodynamic activity against Staphylococcus aereus, Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans planktonic and biofilm cells. Increase in polysaccharide, TPP and photosensitizer concentrations as well as polysaccharide/TPP ratio in the nanoparticles was found to affect particle size and zeta-potential. When used for PDI, no toxicity was observed when suspensions and biofilm of bacteria and yeast were treated in the dark. However, when the cells were exposed to light irradiation, erythrosine-loaded polysaccharide nanoparticles were significantly more phototoxic to S.mutans, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans than erythrosine in free form. Similar results were observed with TBO-loaded nanoparticles against S. aereus, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans when compared to TBO in free form. Increase in either nanoparticle incubation time or light dose further improved their microbial killing efficiency.

並列關鍵字

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation ； Nanoparticles Polysaccharide Erythrosine ； Toluidine Blue O

參考文獻

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奈米粒子於光動力殺菌之應用

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