奈米級物理性防曬化?菻~之顯微結構分析、皮膚穿透及細胞毒性之研究

Study of Microstructural Analysis﹐Skin Penetration and Cytotoxicity of Nano Physical Sunscreens

吳純佩(Chun-Pei Wu)

指導教授 ： 蔡翠敏

臺北醫學大學/口腔醫學院/生物醫學材料研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

金屬氧化物常作為防曬化?菻~之添加成份，包含二氧化鈦(Titanium dioxide)、氧化鋅(Zinc oxide)及氧化鐵(Iron oxide)等。近年來由於科技發展進步，上述這類金屬氧化物逐漸走向奈米化，在奈米化過程中或其奈米產物之物化性質及結構可能改變，尤其是「顆粒尺寸越小其所散佈表面積越大，與生物組織間接觸之數量也越大」；這類金屬氧化物多使用於皮膚表面，但尺寸小的奈米顆粒亦有可能經由毛囊孔或受傷的皮膚進入體內而循環至全身，進而造成健康上的疑慮，再者若將其與化?菻~中常見的功效性成分，如美白成分維它命C及果酸(Alpha hydroxy acid; AHA)等成份併用，可能因角質層(Stratum corneum)的剝落，而增加其進入體內的可能性，儘管此類材料仍有安全性上之疑慮，目前仍無確切數據能加以證實。
針對上述問題，本研究以奈米級物理性防曬化?菻~，進行顯微結構分析(Microstructural analysis)、皮膚穿透(Skin penetration)及細胞毒性(Cytotoxicity)之研究，做為奈米物質應用於化?菻~領堿的一個開端，期望建構奈米特性分析方法之技術平台，以供日後在討論此議題時的參考依據之一。

關鍵字

二氧化鈦、皮膚穿透、奈米物理性防曬化?菻~、氧化鋅、氧化鐵、顯微結構分析

並列摘要

Metallic oxides, such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and iron oxides are widely used in sunscreens. Recently, they have been made to be nano-size as well as in others fields of materials science. However, the process of nanomaterial synthesis may lead to changes in physicochemical properties and structures in particular, the smaller the size of nanomaterials, the more the interactions between biological tissues and nanomaterials that might influence the health of human beings. For instance, the nano-size particles may enter the body through the hair follicle or lesions in the skin and result in toxicological effects. Furthermore, if the nanomaterials were used with skin-lightening agents or alpha-hydroxy acids, the frequently used bases of functional cosmetics, such combination may arise the ability of nanomaterials to penetrate into the body because the stratum corneum could be desquamated. However, the experimental data are not clear and definite from the available literature.
In this study, we aimed to compile the microstructural analysis﹐skin penetration and cytotoxic inspection of the nano physical sunscreens. Our goal is to establish a technology platform for nanomaterial′s characteristic assay methods which is becoming more and more important due to the expanding applications of nanomaterials in the field of cosmetics. The technology platform we proposed in this study integrates the most important factors that may influence the interactions between the material and the biological system.

並列關鍵字

Titanium Dioxide, Skin Penetration, Nano Physical Sunscreens, Zinc Oxide, Iron Oxide, Microstructural Analysis

參考文獻

66. Royal Society of Chemistry. Nano-review to assess policy progress. 2006.

23. Rosen, M.R., ed. Delivery System Handboook for Personal Care and Cosmetic Products-Technology, Applications and Formulations. 2005, William Andrew.

5. Mitchnick, M.A., D. Fairhurst, and S.R. Pinnell, Microfine zinc oxide (Z-cote) as a photostable UVA/UVB sunblock agent. . J Am Acad Dermatol, 1999. 40(1): p. 85-90.

6. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in general medicine. Fig. 16-2, p.221.

7. Applegate, L.A., et al., Indentification of the molecular target for the suppression of contact hypersensitivy by UV radiation. 1989. 170: p. 1117-1131.