婚姻暴力求助婦女重回受暴循環與求助經驗之研究

A study on the return to violence cycle by the women who asked for assistance on marriage violence and a study on the assistance experience

許采臻(HUS TASI CHEN)

指導教授 ： 陳芬苓

元智大學/資訊學院/資訊社會學研究所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

台灣的家庭暴力問題究竟到底有多嚴重呢？隨著內政部家庭暴力暨性侵害防治中心的家暴通報統計數據逐年上升就可以看得出來，在2004年時甚至一舉衝破5萬件，也就是說保守估計台灣一天大約有145件家暴案件的發生，平均起來每10分鐘就有一個家庭因為暴力而破碎。所以我們可以知道，許多婚暴受暴婦女的故事並不是單純的個案，它只能說是冰山的一角，因此我們絕對不能再忽視這個存在已久的問題及其嚴重性。
本研究主要以社會學習理論、歸因理論及家庭壓力等相關理論為基礎，並試圖利用這些理論來分析與探討受暴婦女成長背景之因素、受暴經驗、對受暴事件的詮釋及了解受暴婦女於婚姻暴力後又回到施暴者家中之理由或想法，以及受暴婦女為脫離施暴者面對社會福利體系、醫療單位、警察及法官等所給予其協助為何，藉以了解在婚姻暴力網絡中，相關單位因法令明訂必須實施的部分外，是否有其他不同之部分及特色，亦或是實際執行狀況與成效為何？並進而了解受暴婦女在接受相關單位之專業人員協助後為什麼又會回到施暴者身邊之原因，並以藉由此研究之結果提供日後相關婚姻暴力
研究及政府在施政及修法上的一個之參考。
在資料收集方法部分，本研究採取質性研究取向，並以半結構式
（semi-structured）深度訪談（in—depth interview）為主，研究對象共選取12位受暴婦女，其皆係於93年10月至94年8月間，曾經由其他單位通報或自行向桃園縣政府社會局所屬四個區域（南區、北區、山區及海區）社會福利服務中心及家庭暴力防治中心求助之個案，且目前仍由上述五個中心積極協助中之個案。此12位受訪者年齡分佈於30—60歲之間，職業以從事服務業者居多；婚 姻狀況部份有6位離婚、3位仍在婚姻關係中、2位則有婚姻關係但處於分居 狀態中及1位為同居關係；受暴時年齡介於14歲到42歲之間；受暴時間介 於3個月到38年；教育程度國中小學及高中職約各半；收入都不高，除1位之外其他全部都有子女。
訪談次數以二次至三次為原則，每次訪談時間由一小時三十分至二小時不等。
本研究主要研究結果包括有：（1）受暴婦女的成長背景之分析（2）婚姻暴力發生原因（3）婚姻暴力發生後之處理方式及個人內在知覺與看法（4）受暴婦女與施暴者目前之家庭關係及回到加害人身邊之理由與原因（5）受暴婦女對其求助過程的體會與看法（及建議）。

關鍵字

婚姻暴力 ； 受暴婦女 ； 暴力循環 ； 求助經驗

並列摘要

How serious is the family violence issue here in Taiwan? From the gradual rise each year in the reported domestic violence cases by Center for Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Prevention, Ministry of the Interior, we can clearly see that over 50000 such cases occurred in 2004, that is, conservatively speaking, there are about 145 domestic violence cases in a single day here in Taiwan, on the average, a family is broken every 10 minutes due to domestic violence. Therefore, we can say that each story of woman under the shadow of domestic violence is not purely an individual case, it is only one corner of ice mountain, we thus can not ignore this long existed problem and its seriousness.
In addition, to or not to go out of the cycle of marriage violence seems to be a very easy thing to the outsiders, the reason is very simple, because this is always nothing of their businesses; only the person involved or the person who has encountered the whole process can realize the pain and struggle of emotional attachment. But if the public in the society can calm down and consider such thing again and again, we can easily find how terrible it is on the happening frequency of domestic violence in the marriage in our society, what we worry

more about is each unknown and sorrow story behind each marriage domestic violence case.
In this study, related theories such as: social learning theory, attribution theory and family pressure, etc. will be used as bases to analyze and investigate the growth background, experiences of encountering domestic violence, personal explanation to the domestic violence event, etc. of the women under domestic violence; meanwhile, we try to understand the reason and thinking why women under domestic violence still go back to the family of person who adds this violence to them after the marriage violence; and we also try to understand how and what kind of assistance women under domestic violence received from welfare system, medical unit and police and judge; we try to realize that in the marriage violence network, in addition to the parts that need to be enforced by related units as specified in the laws and regulations, are there still any other different parts or features that need to be added or what is the actual enforced situation and performance? We further try to understand the reason why women under domestic violence still go back to the family of the person who adds this violence to them after they have received the help from professional personnel in related units, hopefully, this study result can be used as a reference for future related marriage violence studies and government’s policy implementation as well as law amendment.
In the data collecting part, this study is quality-study-oriented and based
mainly on semi-structured in-depth interviews. Twelve women under violence will be our study targets in a period from Oct., 2004 to August, 2005 reported by other related units or reported for assistance independently to the social welfare center and domestic violence prevention center of four areas (southern area, northern area, mountain area and seashore area) of the Social Affairs Bureau, Taoyuan

County Government; these cases are now still receiving assistance actively from the above-mentioned five centers. These twelve persons under interview have age distribution from 30 to 60, from the basic data, we can see that marriage violence occurs in each layer of age. In the job aspect, some are jobless, some served in the public government or business sector or service industry, etc., most of them are serving in the service industry; in the marriage status, 6 are divorced, 3 are still in the marriage relationship, 2 are in marriage relationship but in separation and one in cohabitation relationship; the violence receiving age distributes from 14 to 42 years old; the violence receiving periods are from months to 38 years; in the educational background, it ranges from elementary school to junior college graduation, junior high school plus elementary school and high school plus vocational high school occupy half of the percentage each; in the personal income part, it ranges from no income to 40 thousands per month, generally speaking, their income are all low, all of them have children except one.
Persons who perform the interview, in addition to asking major questions according to the interview guide prepared in advance by this study, can also ask questions based on the actual contents answered by persons under interview, this is to increase the richness and the creditability of the data obtained. All the interviewers will hold “have the same feeling” or neutral attitude during the interview; meanwhile, these interviewers will express their understanding to the persons under interview and never do preset viewpoint comments or comments of value to the questions answered by the persons under interview. The formal interview period is from May, 2005 to October, 2005. Interview place basically depends on the willing and convenience of persons under interview; furthermore, the secrecy of the interview environment and non-affected and non-interfered

nature of the interview are all under consideration. The interview frequency is based on two to three times and each interview is from 1.5 hours to 2 hours.
The major conclusions from this study include: (1) Analysis on the growth background of women under violence, (2) The reason behind marriage violence, (3) The handling method after marriage violence and personal internal consciousness and view points (4) The current family relationship between women under violence and the violence adder and the reason and cause why women under violence go back to violence adder. (5) Realization and view points (and suggestion) from the women under violence to the assistance process.

並列關鍵字

marriage violence ； abuse women ； violence cycle ； assistance experience

參考文獻

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