摘 要 本研究首先評析整體本國銀行經營環境,其次探討銀行資金變動下,其資本適足性與資金管理效率相關財務比率變動情形,最後以本國四十一家銀行之財務報表為樣本,作流動性、資本適足性、資產品質、收益性、效率性各項主要評估指標財務比率分析,其內容係屬「金融預警制度指標」中的「資金管理評估」項目。 本研究之實證分析結果發現: (1) 銀行若採增加備抵呆帳提列方式,來調控資本適足率升降,其結果會使呆帳費用增加,資金管理效率下降,致盈餘減少。 (2) 資本適足性對銀行資金管理效率及從事風險的行為,均具有顯著效果;反之,未達資本適足性銀行之資金管理效率欠佳,若趨向高風險高報酬的資產組合,更會增加其倒閉風險。 (3) 由財務槓桿操作(負債融資)角度來看銀行業的經營,其逾放比高低除與授信品質良窳有直接關係外,整體資金的取得及運用、資本適足性與外在經濟景氣環境的配合,均與M&M模型所衍生的觀念有關。
ABSTRACT This study first evaluates the operation environment of banking industry,then probes into ,under the change of working capital ,the related financial ratio variation of capital solvency and financial management efficiency.At last ,take financial statements of forty-one domestic banks as samples to do financial ratio analysis which focused on each main indicator in terms of liquidity,capital adequacy,asset quality, earning,and efficiency.Its contents are part of the item of "capital management evaluation” in the “banking early-warning system indicator”. The results of this study are as follows: (1) Sample banks adopt the measure of increasing allowance for bad debts to adjust risk-based capital ratio ,it leads to cost of bad debts,the inefficiency of capital management ,and the decrease of earning. (2) Capital adequacy poses extremely apparent impacts on capital management efficiency and risky behavior.On the contrary,the banks with inefficiency in capital management,which has reach capital inadequacy ,invests in risky asset porfolios ,it will increase bankruptcy risk . (3)With the view of financial leverage operation ,the overdue loan ratio has an utmost close linkage with asset quality, besides;asset and liability management、capital adequacy and external environments have linkage with derivative concepts from M&M model.