Institutional investors and board of directors are common instruments to represent corporate governance mechanism. This paper investigates that whether firms’ information transparency would enhance while the governance function provided by institutional investors and board of directors increases due to reduction of earnings manipulation. Empirical results show that corporate governance function provided by institutional investors does not help promote firms’ information transparency from evidence on S&P 500. The better information transparency identity in S&P 500 diminishes the governance effect provided by institutional investors. With respect to board of directors, results support that both monitoring and advisory role of directors can improve effectiveness of monitoring authority to enhance information transparency of firms.