紡織廠女性勞動者的形塑過程

Imaging Process of Female Labor in Textile Factories

楊淑貞(Shu-Chen Yang)

指導教授 ： 王俐容

元智大學/資訊學院/資訊社會學研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

社會上普遍存在對女性勞動者的刻板印象，認為她們是細心、刻苦耐勞的，因此適合從事作業員或文書的工作。本研究以紡織廠女性勞動者的形塑過程為主題，研究方法是採用質化研究的參與觀察法與深度訪談法為主，共訪問14位紡織廠女性勞動者。

首先探討紡織廠運用各種規訓的技術，建構女性成為溫馴的勞動者。紡織廠透過建教合作、空間分配、活動控制、力量組織與獎懲制度等方式，馴化女性勞動者原有的主體性，並產生新的主體性，塑造成為具有柔順的身體，成為符合資本主義需要的生力軍來源。

其次，受規訓的女性勞動者在職場上也面臨不利的處境。研究發現如下：紡織廠女性勞動者大多從事現場工作或是助理員，男性則是擔任管理階級或是技術人員，在不平等的性別分工下，產生職業垂直隔離的現象。紡織廠女性勞動者在升遷過程中普遍遇到玻璃天花板現象，在職訓練也不及男性，加上女性被賦予家務勞動的天職，導致女性勞動者集中在低階、低薪的勞動環境中。

關鍵字

女性勞動者 ； 規訓 ； 性別分工 ； 玻璃天花板

並列摘要

There is an existence of widespread stereotyping of female labor in society, considering them to be meticulous and hardworking, hence being suitable to be engaged in operational or clerical work. This study has chosen the imaging process of female labor in textile factories as its subject; the study method has mainly adopted qualitative analysis of the participant observation method and in-depth interview method, to interview 14 textile factory female laborers in all.
Firstly, the various disciplinary techniques employed by textile factories in establishing docile female laborers were probed. Through the means of industry liaison collaboration, space allotment, activities control, influential organizations as well as a system of rewards and penalties, the textile factory retains the original cohesiveness in domiciliation of female laborers and generates new cohesiveness to mold a submissive body fulfilling the source of productivity workforce needed by capitalism.
Secondly, disciplined female laborers in the job market may also face unfavorable situations. The discoveries of this study are as follows: Most of the female laborers in the textile factory is involved in on-site work or engaged as assistants, while male employees served in management positions or as technical staff. Under such unequal sexual discrimination of work, the phenomenon of vertical separation of vocation is produced. Female laborers in the textile factory generally meet the phenomenon of a glass ceiling in the course of promotion, and also inferior to their male counterparts in the aspect of on-the-job training. In addition, females are perceived as being endowed with the duty of domestic labor and hence causing female laborers to be concentrated at the low level and low salary labor environment.

並列關鍵字

Female laborers ； discipline ； sexual discrimination of work ； glass ceiling

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