從工業革命開始至今一些新興科技技術不斷的被發明,在如此現代化發展之下為人類帶來了無法預期也無法計算的風險,而近代改變人們生活最具的新興科技莫過於網際網路。Wallace(2001)認為缺乏面對面的接觸,在網路上從事各項活動會產生較高的風險知覺以及缺乏足夠的信任,人們會對於這些新科技或新事物產生較高的不確定性,因此網路上的信任與風險如何影響人們決定採用新興的網路應用是一個重要的議題。人機互動學派認為網路科技才是人們所信任的目標(Muir, 1994),人際傳播學派則認為電腦只是扮演中介的角色,網路信任與風險是建立於與網路上另一方的期望(Corritore et al, 2001),故本研究將信任與風險區分為科技、以及人際部分以釐清其中的關係。另外過去文獻亦指出網路使用經驗與專業知識是影響網路信任與風險的重要因素,故網路上的信任與風險是如何產生也必須被重視。 本研究便利用「網路社會發展政策整合研究」第二期之「新興科技之負面影響評估」子計畫的研究資料,該研究資料調查對象為台灣地區家戶中年滿13歲至65歲之個人,並以侯佩君等人(2006)「台灣社會變遷調查五期一次抽樣分層報告」之都市發展程度按比例分層隨機抽樣,共回收有效樣本為858人。研究結果發現,使用經驗對於網路信任與風險認知的確具有影響力,而負面經驗則是影響風險認知的關鍵因素。另外,人們對於新興科技應用目的與功能屬性的認知對於採用意願是有差異性的,而影響採用意願最重要的便為新興科技本身所能給予人們正面結果的信心期望,當使用者主觀的認為使用此一科技的容易程度高、或認為所使用的新科技系統能夠達成目的、以及加強績效的程度時,便會提高其採用意願。
Many innovative technologies were been invented, and it also brought some risk into our daily life from Industrial Revolution until now. In recent period, Internet made a great impact on people’s life than other technologies. Wallace (2001) argued that people will have more risk perspective and less trust when they do each activity online. So, trust and risk on the internet would be the important topic for discussion the attitude toward adoption of innovative technology. Scholars of HCI (Human Computer Interaction) argued that the design and the system of internet were the target that people trusted (Muir, 1994). But scholars of Interpersonal Communication argued that trust and risk on the internet was built on the people you communicate with, not the design and the system of internet (Corritore et al, 2001). Which one will be the most important to influence trust and risk on the internet, the intention of this paper is to make it clear. Besides, how trust and risk on the internet be arisen would be the other important thing. With 858 retrieved questionnaires from 「the project of the Assessment of Negative Social Impacts of Innovative Technologies」, we found that user’s experience is the key factor to influence trust and risk on the internet, especially bad experience. To adopt or not will be difference when people faced different attribute of technologies. And the most important key factor of adoption is the positive confident expectation of the technologies.