應用層級分析法探討中小尺寸TFT-LCD建廠決策評估

A Case Study of Fabrication Location Selection for TFT-LCD Industry Using Analytical Hierarchy Process

劉家振(Chia-Chen Liu)

指導教授 ： 徐旭昇

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2008.00127

摘要

台灣從公元2000年TFT-LCD面板業的積極開發開始到現在，可以說是產線密集且多元化，但由於當時的市場需求及產品應用，現有台灣各家大型面板廠都是起始於當時 的顯示器應用機型，也就是從14吋、15吋、17吋……等監視器的市場共同規格開始；這說明了在台灣TFT-LCD產業真正密集投入的發展世代是從3代線開始，現今的友達(AUO)、奇美(CMO)、華映(CPT)、彩晶(HSD)……等也都擁有相當於3代及3.5代規模的產線。

隨著TFT-LCD 的多元應用，市場也逐漸地有所區隔，評估消費者需求及產品的附加價值被列為重要問題，因此TFT各大廠目前是積極地利用原來生產中大尺寸(14&15吋)監視器的產線，積極規劃中小尺寸產品。在投入中小尺寸產品的研發及生產的時代，如何規劃產線以搭配需求產能，以及在增建新廠、擴充新產線時該如何進行決策及評估，將是一個慎而嚴謹的課題。

本研究考量因中小尺寸產品明顯在市場區隔於大尺寸產品，且需求日益擴大而產能吃緊，產線產能的搭配兩者無法重疊，於是乎建廠以及擴大產線之需求提昇。因此本研究乃著重於中小尺寸TFT-LCD在產能擴充的時代，應用多準則決策法中之層級分析法，分析影響面板廠在評選廠址的關鍵因素與重要性權重，其中考慮對於新建廠房產線之交通因素、成本因素、產業供應鏈關聯因素、人力資源、都市製造環境、政府政策等因素為準則；而以距港口、機場、高速公路之遠近，勞工工資，土地成本，相關聯產業聚集，支援性產業聚集，技術人材招募，動力能源，公共設施，稅賦優惠…等23個項次屬性為次準則。進而探討建廠廠址之選擇。

關鍵字

TFT-LCD面板 ； 中小尺寸 ； 層級分析法 ； 多準則決策法 ； 廠址選擇

並列摘要

After nearly ten years, TFT-LCD industry in Taiwan is fast and well developed. However, at initial stage, most of TFT-LCD manufacturers in Taiwan are specialized in medium and large size panels because of market demand and product application. Specifically, during this period, the main TFT-LCD panels in sizes range from 14 inches to 17 inches. Thus, most of the manufacturers adopted “based on monitor machine” as the main technology to produce TFT-LCF products. It reflects that TFT-LCD industry in Taiwan starts in Generation 3 (G3) fabrication. Until now, the leading TFT-LCD manufacturers in Taiwan still produce a large number of TFT-LCD panels by means of G3 and G5 fabrications, such as AUO, CMO and HSD.
With the diversified application of TFT-LCD technology, TFT-LCD market is increasingly segmented. Accordingly, the evaluation of consumer needs and product premium value becomes an important issue. Under this condition, the leading TFT-LCD manufacturers in Taiwan aggressively plan the product lines, which are originally responsible for 14 and 15 inches panels, to produce TFT-LCD panels in small and medium sizes.
In current TFT-LCD market, the market scale in small and medium sizes is continually growing and significantly greater than the scale in large size. It leads to the imbalance between capacity demand and capacity supply. Thus, the establishment of new fabrications and product lines is imperative. In this vein, our research focuses on the development of TFT-LCD panels in small and medium sizes. By using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method, we examine some key factors and important weights of fabrication location selection. Finally, according to our analytical results, we provide research and managerial implications in selecting fabrication location.

並列關鍵字

TFT-LCD panel ； Analytical hierarchy process ； Multi-criteria decision making ； Fabrication location selection

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