應用CFD工具簡化頸軸承設計流程之研究

就個人電腦等小型電子設備大量採用的小型風扇而言，多孔性介質含油自潤頸軸承相較於滾珠軸承及動壓軸承的主要優點在於價格低廉與可接受的噪音與振動量，而其缺點則在於尚無一套可確保其壽命的設計分析流程，導致業界必須經過反覆且耗時冗長的實驗方得以完成特定的頸軸承設計。本論文運用CFD軟體，將水平置放有重力負載之多孔含油自潤頸軸承之數值模型，分別運用於水平與垂直置放的頸軸承設計，提出一套完整的設計流程，包含數值模組的選用與關鍵參數群的設定方案。模擬分析的結果顯示，僅軸承間隙與孔隙滲透率等兩項設計參數最為重要，過大或過小的間隙與滲透率均會導致軸承性能顯著劣化的不利結果。本文最後將此設計流程分別應用於小型水平式軸流風扇以及垂直軸的鼓風扇之設計優化改進案例，實驗結果顯示，相較於原始設計，不僅壽命可分別提高約 60% 與 180%，且將含反覆實驗的開發時程由十二個月以上大幅降低至六個月以內，足可見本方案之應用價值。

關鍵字

數值模擬；多孔性含油軸承

並列摘要

The air moving device used in personal computer required reliable bearing system. There are ball bearing and sleeve bearing in the market now. Sleeve bearing had the advantage in low cost and high resistance to shock and vibration, but the life expectancy is not well studied yet in the industry. That resulted in long time expended in design and life validation. This paper is to use CFD software to simulate sleeve operating in gravity field in horizontal and vertical positions. Based on this study to come out a completely design process including simulation model and key factors definition. The results showed the key factors are clearance and permeability. In this paper had applied this design tool to small axial fan and blower to optimize the design and had good result by experiments. Compared to original design, this new bearing can extend the life 60% in axial fans and 180% in blowers and decrease the design cycle from 12 months to within 6 months.

並列關鍵字

CFD ； sleeve bearing

參考文獻

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4.Sommerfeld, A., “Zur Hydrodynamischen Theorie der Schmiermittelreibung”, Z. Angew. Math. Phys., Vol. 50, pp.97-155, 1904

5.Dowson, D., “A Generalized Reynolds Equation for Fluid Film Lubrication” ,Int. J. Mech. Sc.,Pergamon Press Ltd.,Vol. 4.,pp.159-170, 1962

6.V T Morgan,A Cameron., “Mechanism of lubrication in porous metal bearings”,Proceedings of The Conference on Lubrication and Wear. London, 1957

7.P Y P Chen ,“Use of computational fluid dynamics in hydrodynamic lubrication”, 1998

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應用CFD工具簡化頸軸承設計流程之研究

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