以無線射頻辨識技術為基之病房病患安全管理系統

An RFID-enabled Inpatient Safety Management System

陳慧萍(Huei-Ping Chen)

指導教授 ： 蘇傳軍

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2007年)

摘要

提供優質之醫療照護行為、帶給病人最大之醫療照護利益，不僅是目前國際間醫療體系共同關注之議題，也是國內政府和醫療界戮力以求完善之目標。一方面醫院可提供較完善的醫療服務品質，同時提升醫院的聲望；另一方面病人更可以放心的接受醫療照護，無須擔憂不必要的醫療疏失所造成之負擔。
美國的醫藥局（Institute of Medicine，IOM）在檢討病人安全相關議題時，發現了一些人為因素所造成的問題，也提出了一些中肯的建議，IOM發現1998至2004年間，美國陸續發生之醫療糾紛與意外事件，大都是因為未能彌補人因錯誤所造成的醫療品質鴻溝所致，人為疏失所造成之醫療糾紛，通常為醫護人員工作負擔過重所造成之結果，醫護人員平時必須定期巡視病房之病人，監控病人之狀態，如血壓、呼吸、脈搏等之生命徵候外，若是在手術或是臨時急診發生之情況下，這些繁瑣的工作將會造成醫護人員龐大的心理壓力並成為醫護人員沉重的負擔，進而導致醫護人員無法專心的照料病房內之病人。
為了解決上述醫護人員過重的工作負擔，許多醫院已經陸續導入條碼系統，透過條碼系統來確認病人的身份，並結合簡單的生理辨識器，進行病患狀態之監控，但根據近年來的許多研究顯示，利用條碼系統可以避免許多醫療錯誤；但相關研究也顯示，在複雜、緊急的狀況下使用條碼系統並不適宜，因此使用更精密的技術，例如無線射頻識別系統（Radio Frequency Identification，RFID），來擴增條碼系統不足的部份，進而增進醫護的品質。
在本研究中，我們提出了一個以RFID為基的系統，在此系統中包括了三個模組：標籤配給模組、住院病患管理模組以及電子病歷與醫護報告管理模組。藉由本研究提出的系統不只可能提升住院病患醫療照護的品質，已能減少醫療人員在照護病患時的工作負荷。

關鍵字

病人安全 ； 無線射頻識別系統 ； 住院病患管理 ； 電子病歷

並列摘要

Providing high quality medical service and offering maximal medical benefit for patients are not only an important issue concerned by international medical institutions but also a goal our government and medical institutions striving for. Hospitals may provide medical service with higher quality and promote hospitals’ prestige simultaneously on one hand; patients may feel more comfortable to accept medical service without worrying the potential burden caused by adverse treatment on the other.
During the course of examining patient safety related issues, Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the United States had discovered some problems caused by human and had made some relevant proposals. Based on IOM’s discovery, continual medical disputes and accidents occur in the United States during 1998 to 2004 mostly caused by medical quality chasm that human errors fail to be recovered. Medical disputes caused by human usually result from work overloading of medical staff. The medical staff must patrol patients regularly and monitor patients’ vital sign such as blood pressure, breath, pulse, and so on. In the case of surgery or emergency, these tedious works would derive significant pressure and become serious burden for medical staff. Frequently, the works make medical staff fail to concentrate on taking good care of patients.
In order to resolve the problem of medical staff’s work overloading, many hospitals have adopted barcode system to identify the identity of a patient. The barcode system has also been integrated with health monitoring system to monitor patients’ vital sign. Many research results show that bar code systems indeed can help to reduce medical disputes. However, some research reveals that barcode systems are not suitable for handling some cases in a more complex and urgent environment. Utilizing a more sophisticated technology such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) to extend the capability of barcode systems may serve as a better alternative to improve the quality of health care.
The proposed RFID-enabled system in this research is composed of three modules: (1) Tag Assignment Module, (2) Inpatient Management Module, and (3) Electronic Medical Record (EMR) and Nursing Report Management Module. With the proposed system not only the quality of inpatient care can be improved but also the work-load of nursing care can be reduced.

並列關鍵字

patient safety ； Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) ； Inpatient Management ； Electronic Medical Record (EMR)

參考文獻

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