探討RFID創新科技採用模式-混合定性和定量分析研究

EXPLORE RFID INNOVATION TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION MODEL-USING QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES

蔡瑋真(Wei-Chen Tsai)

指導教授 ： 湯玲郎

元智大學/管理學院/管理研究所/博士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2009.00281

摘要

面對全球化的競爭壓力，如何不斷地提供創新服務以及強化本身競爭力，已成為企業努力思考的方向。而近年來日益受到重視的RFID（Radio Frequency Identification System）創新科技便是一項可有效提供創新服務及增強企業競爭力的新技術。有鑑於此，本文探討RFID創新科技採用模式對企業效益之影響是有其重要性，而投資創新科技的計劃通常具有全面性的影響，且往往伴隨著較大規模的資本支出，所以針對採用之因素做一完整的考量將有其必要性。在採用創新科技或系統的行為時，不同組織的內外在環境特性，都可能影響到採用模式上的行為改變。
本研究主要以創新擴散理論(Diffusion of Innovations)和跨組織系統(Inter-Organization System)觀點，來瞭解企業採用RFID的影響因素與採用模式。經由文獻探討後發展研究架構並予以驗證，最後提出RFID創新科技採用模式，包含社會網絡(社群支援與同儕採用兩個因素)、技術層面(技術複雜性、技術相容性與成本三個因素)、組織層面(組織準備度、程序彈性與權力結構三個因素)與環境層面(產業競爭與政府政策兩個因素)等四個構面。本文的研究方法採混合定性與定量方式，定性研究方法以六家物流服務業做為企業採用RFID之訪談個案，依此修正研究架構。定量研究方法使用問卷調查方式，以問卷發放國內製造業與物流服務業做為調查對象，透過PLS(Partial Least Square)來驗證RFID採用模式，並且找出兩產業間的差異性，期望所得之結果可以對學界與實務界有所助益。
定性研究結果歸類出未準備好之採用者、準備好之採用者和啟動之採用者三種RFID採用者型態。針對企業採用RFID之影響程度上，未準備好之採用者強調社群網絡、政府政策與權力結構構面；準備好之採用者強調技術複雜性、成本與程序彈性構面；啟動之採用者則強調產業競爭、技術相容性與組織準備度構面。定量研究結果發現製造業與物流服務業兩者於RFID採用模式上，各路徑構面皆呈顯著影響，其中製造業在社會網絡對技術層面、環境對組織層面與技術層面對RFID採用之顯著程度比物流服務業為高。

關鍵字

Radio Frequency Identification System ； 創新擴散理論 ； 跨組織系統 ； 製造業 ； 物流服務業

並列摘要

While facing global competitions, company is continuously finding the way to provide service innovation and strengthen core competences. RFID（Radio Frequency Identification）, a recently regarded technology, is an appropriate new technology to achieve the goal. Therefore, it will be useful to discuss the impacts of company with different RFID innovation technology adoption model. In addition, it’s necessary to have overall considerations to the related factors due to extensive impacts and high capital expenses.
View in this right, this dissertation focuses on proposing innovation technology adoption model of RFID. This study based on diffusion of innovation sand inter-organization system view to explore the adoption factors of RFID application, in turn, four constructs were proposed, first as social network includes social support and peer adoption, second as environment construct includes industry competition and policy, and technology construct includes technology complexity, technology compatibility and cost, last as organization construct includes organization readiness and procedural flexibility and power structure.
According to case organizations, six firms were interviewed for RFID adoption data gathering and comparison. After data analyzed, we categorize the RFID adopter into three types: unprepared adopter, ready adopter and initiator adopter. And the empirical survey was performed that questionnaires were send to 800 Taiwan companies of the manufacture industry and logistic service industry at stage two. To use the statistical analysis bases on perturbation least square software to perform and verify the research structure proposed. The results of analysis of the survey data are: all paths have significant positive with the RFID adoption model of manufacture or logistic service industry. In addition, the social network to the technical factors, environment factors to the organization factors and technical factors to the RFID adoption are stronger for the manufacture industry than for the logistic service one. We hope the final result is useful to educational circles and practice.

並列關鍵字

Radio Frequency Identification ； Technology Adoption ； Social Network ； Manufacture Industry ； Logistic Service Industry

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