醫檢臨床指導教師角色衝突及其工作壓力之研究

A Study on the Relationship between Role Conflict and Job Stress of Clinical Preceptors in Medical Laboratory Science

簡妙娥(Miao-O Chien)

指導教授 ： 李弘暉

元智大學/管理學院/管理碩士在職專班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究旨在瞭解醫檢臨床指導教師角色衝突及其工作壓力間的相關與預測情形。以醫檢臨床指導教師為研究對象。並根據相關文獻發展「角色衝突量表」與「工作壓力量表」，作為本研究之工具。本研究共發出問卷400 份，回收362份，回收率90.5%。經由單因子變異分析、t檢定分析、相關分析、迴歸分析資料處理與分析後，本研究的主要研究發現如下：
一、在有效樣本362份中，男生占26.5％，女生占73.5％，女生比例較男生比例高；未婚或單身居多，占57.5％；年齡以30-39 歲居多，占48.1％；教育程度以大學居多，占72.1％；在服務醫院形態以區域教學醫院居多，占63.0％；在醫院服務的年資以10-15年佔多數，占25.1％；擔任職務以醫檢師居多，占84.5％。
二、不同性別、婚姻狀況、年齡、教育程度、服務醫院形態、服務年資、擔任職務之醫檢臨床指導教師在角色衝突量表的知覺感受無顯著差異。
三、不同性別、婚姻狀況、年齡、教育程度、服務年資之醫檢臨床指導教師在工作壓力量表的知覺感受無顯著差異。經過本研究實證研究結果指出，在不同服務醫院型態、不同擔任職務對工作壓力有統計上顯著差異，此結果與現在醫學實驗室在醫療界的角色相符。以地區醫院的醫檢師，其個人提供的服務較全面性、所獲得的支援相較區域醫院或醫學中心較少，故其工作壓力較高；而擔任主任職務相較於醫檢師的壓力高，主要可能來自於面對醫院管理面的要求、跨單位的協調與整合。
四、醫檢臨床指導教師角色衝突與工作壓力有顯著的預測力。

根據研究發現，針對如何改善醫檢臨床指導教師之角色壓力對工作壓力的影響情形，嘗試向醫檢臨床指導教師之個人及主管提出建議。其目的期望能夠使醫檢臨床指導教師改善目前的工作壓力，更能全心全力投入工作以增進工作績效及提高教學意願以提升教學成效。

關鍵字

醫檢臨床指導教師 ； 角色衝突 ； 工作壓力

並列摘要

This study aims to understand the relationship and prediction capability between role conflict and job stress of clinical preceptors in medical laboratory science. This study was carried out on the basis of “Role Conflict Questionnaire” and “Job Stress Questionnaire” developed according to relevant academic research, with the subjects of clinical preceptors in medical laboratory science. The retrieval rate was around 90.5%, with 400 questionnaires distributed and 362 questionnaires returned. By adopting one-way ANOVA, t-test, correlation and regression analysis, the main findings of this study indicate the following:
1. Among 362 valid responses, the percentage of female respondents was 47% higher than male (73.5% female and 26.5% male). Furthermore, among the 362 valid responses from clinical preceptors in medical laboratory science, a higher percentage of them were single and unmarried (57.5％); a higher percentage of them were thirty to thirty-nine years old (48.1％); a higher percentage of them had a college degree (72.1％); a larger percentage of them served at regional teaching hospitals (63.0％); a larger percentage of them had ten to fifteen years of working experience in hospitals (25.1％); and a larger number of them held the position of a medical laboratory scientist (medical technologist) (84.5％).
2. As to the role conflict questionnaire for clinical preceptors in medical laboratory science, there was no significant difference in the sensation and perception variance in different sex, marital status, age, education levels, types of hospital, years of working experience or positions in a hospital.
3. As to the job stress questionnaire for clinical preceptors in medical laboratory science, there was no significant difference in the sensation and perception variance in different sex, marital status, age, education levels, or years of working experience. My empirical study, nevertheless, pointed out that there was a significant discrepancy in statistic variance in job stress with different types of hospital or different positions in a hospital. This result is consistent with the role that medical laboratories nowadays play in the medical industry. The medical laboratory scientists who service at community hospitals would experience higher job stress due to their more personal provision of multi-dimensional service and less obtainment of supports than others at regional hospitals or medical centers. Moreover, clinical preceptors in medical laboratory science who hold the position of a chief would experience higher job stress than others who hold the position of a medical laboratory scientist, mostly due to the fact that a chief often needs to fulfill the managerial requirements for the hospital itself and conduct cross-sectoral tasks of coordination and integration.
4. There was a significant prediction capability between role conflict and job stress of clinical preceptors in medical laboratory science.
Based on the findings of this study, in order to remedy the influences that the role stress for clinical preceptors in medical laboratory science might have on job stress, I attempted to propose several recommendations for individual or chiefs of clinical preceptors in medical laboratory science. Hopefully, my study would improve the present job stress experienced by clinical preceptors in medical laboratory science, enhance their job performance by inspiring them to engage in work wholeheartedly, and further enhance their teaching effectiveness by increasing their teaching willingness.

並列關鍵字

clinical preceptors in medical laboratory science ； role conflict ； job stress.

參考文獻

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