宗教信仰虔誠度與選擇醫院因素之探討

The study on the degree of religiousness and the factors in selecting a hospital

陳美媚(Mei-Mei Chen)

指導教授 ： 徐學忍

元智大學/管理學院/管理碩士在職專班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

當今健保體制下，醫療產業屬自由競爭的市場，民眾就醫選擇多，醫療機構為求生存與發展，開始重視營運績效及醫院管理。台灣在經歷二次世界大戰以後，在經濟蕭條、醫療物資缺乏、人民生活艱困的年代，許多宗教來台設立醫院，從台灣的醫療史看來，宗教醫院在台灣醫界一直佔有很重要的角色，全民健保實施後，宗教醫院為求生存，也逐漸走向企業化競爭的過程。 本研究旨在探討宗教信仰虔誠度與選擇醫院因素之關係，了解宗教信仰是否影響就醫選擇，宗教醫院是否吸引有宗教信仰病患的優勢。主要研究目的在探討不同個人背景變項與選擇醫院因素之差異情形、探討不同的宗教信仰虔誠度與選擇醫院因素之相關情形、自評疾病嚴重度與選擇醫院因素之相關情形、是否曾於宗教醫院就醫與選擇醫院因素之差異情形及分析有宗教信仰者到宗教醫院就醫自覺對自己的幫助及與自己宗教信仰間的影響關係。 本研究以結構式問卷調查法，以居住在台灣地區北部及東部的受訪者民眾為研究調查對象。所得資料以社會科學統計軟體SPSS套裝軟體程式，進行資料分析。統計分析之方法為敘述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析及Pearson積差相關等。 研究結果發現：一、個人背景變項中在不同的年齡、教育程度對於選擇醫院因素有顯著的差異。二、不同宗教信仰虔誠度與選擇醫院因素無顯著相關。三、自評疾病嚴重度與選擇醫院因素有顯著正相關，顯示自評疾病嚴重度較嚴重時，就醫選擇因素重要性亦愈高。四、有宗教信仰者且曾於宗教醫院就醫過者，在覺得到與自已信仰相同的宗教醫院就醫會幫助身體復原快者、會想要到與自已宗教信仰相同的宗教就醫者及會因為到與自已信仰不相同的宗教醫院就醫而改變信仰等問題項目，皆以無意見表示最多。五、在選擇醫院因素之重要程度方面，最重要前三名依序為醫師的醫德及醫術、醫療設備完善、醫院環境清潔;選擇醫院因素的重要程度最低者是醫院的祈禱室或佛堂，次低者為醫院伙食。另曾選擇宗教醫院就醫者的主要選擇原因前三名依序為交通便利離家近、醫師的醫術、醫療設備完善。 最後，依據研究結果與結論，提出相關具體建議。

關鍵字

宗教信仰虔誠度 ； 選擇醫院因素 ； 宗教醫院

並列摘要

Under current national health insurance system, the free-market competition in medical care industry has resulted in many choices for seeking medical advice. To maintain competitiveness and sustain development, the health care facilities started to value the management performance and hospital administration. After the Second World War, many religious hospitals have been established in Taiwan due to economic recession, lack of medical resources and poor living standards. From the perspective of Taiwan’s medical history, the religious hospital has taken an important part in Taiwan’s medical care industry. Since the implementation of the national health insurance, the religious hospitals have been moving toward the enterprise management in order to keep up with market growth.
The aim of this research is to study the relationship between the degree of religiousness and the factors in selecting a hospital to understand whether the religion has an impact on the selection of hospital and whether the religious hospital has a competitive advantage to attract religious patients. The main purpose is to discuss the difference between the personal background variable and the factors in selecting a hospital, the relationship between the degree of religiousness and the factors in selecting a hospital, the relationship between the self-evaluating gravity of illness and the factors in selecting a hospital and whether the experience with religious hospital has an impact on the selection of hospital, and further analyze the relationship between the religious patients’ perception on religious hospital’s medical assistance and their beliefs.
This research conducted a survey-questionnaire through structural survey method and targeted on the residents in northern and eastern Taiwan as sample. Further, the SPSS statistics was used to analyze the data obtained. The statistical analysis includes the descriptive statistic, independent samples t-test, single factor analysis of variance and Pearson product-moment correlation.
The findings of research showed: 1.the age and education personal background variables have significant impact on the factors in selecting a hospital selection. 2. The degree of religiousness is not significantly correlated with the factors in selecting a hospital. 3. The self-evaluating gravity of illness is significantly positively correlated with the factors in selecting a hospital, which indicates that the higher self-evaluating gravity of illness is associated with greater importance of the factors in selecting a hospital. 4. The religious patients who have been to the religious hospital, who believe they can recover sooner for going to a hospital with the same religious belief, who would select a hospital with the same religion, and who would select a hospital having a different religious belief did not express much opinion. 5. With regard to the importance of the factors in selecting a hospital, the doctor’s medical ethic and expertise, the medical facilities and the environment of hospital have been ranked the top three respectively. The least important factor in selecting a hospital is the praying or worshiping room and the second least important factor is the meals. In addition, the top three reasons for choosing a religious hospital are the location and convenience, the doctor’s expertise and the medical facilities.
Finally, the recommendations were proposed based on research results and conclusions.

並列關鍵字

religiousness ； factors in selecting a hospital ； religious hospital

參考文獻

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