- 學位論文
Can Science and Technology be profitable in Russia? : A Literature Review on Technology Transfer
Can Science and Technology be profitable in Russia? : A Literature Review on Technology Transfer
摘要
Russia has powerful S&T, however, her economy in the past decades does not match with her technological strength. We argue that the lack of effective and adaptive TT in Russia plays one of essential roles behind this fact. In this study, we reviewed papers from 1970s to present on technology transfer (TT) and technology transfer models (TTM). With WOK search engine, we extracted more than 6000 papers in ISI database. Then, we selected over 370 key papers and analyzed them with a self established program. We found the study of TT was focused on international technology diffusion in 1970s and 1980s. Major scholars applied economic model to explain the TT activities and its impact to economic development in global, national and corporate level. In 1990s, with the emergence of management of technology studies, TT researches were emphasized to knowledge management, S&T policy, IPR management, and TT agent etc. TTM in 2000s (networking type) was more complicated than that of in 1970s (linear type). We successfully extracted two major research tracks in our study, hence “economic” and “MOT”. This finding will help scholars continue their work in each track. A longitudinal analysis of Russian and Global TT and TTM was also provided in this study. Thru a series of literature review on TT through decades this study, at first, aims to collect variables for TTM; at second, aims to answer a question whether TT still essential to economic development. Moreover, we outlined traits of similarity and stated some singularities of Russian TT&TTM to answer a question whether S&T can be profitable in Russia and proposed some suggestion for Russian practitioners to improve TT. Finally, we argue that there is no “one size fits all” TTM. We believe it is still an open question which will lead to further study.
並列摘要
Russia has powerful S&T, however, her economy in the past decades does not match with her technological strength. We argue that the lack of effective and adaptive TT in Russia plays one of essential roles behind this fact. In this study, we reviewed papers from 1970s to present on technology transfer (TT) and technology transfer models (TTM). With WOK search engine, we extracted more than 6000 papers in ISI database. Then, we selected over 370 key papers and analyzed them with a self established program. We found the study of TT was focused on international technology diffusion in 1970s and 1980s. Major scholars applied economic model to explain the TT activities and its impact to economic development in global, national and corporate level. In 1990s, with the emergence of management of technology studies, TT researches were emphasized to knowledge management, S&T policy, IPR management, and TT agent etc. TTM in 2000s (networking type) was more complicated than that of in 1970s (linear type). We successfully extracted two major research tracks in our study, hence “economic” and “MOT”. This finding will help scholars continue their work in each track. A longitudinal analysis of Russian and Global TT and TTM was also provided in this study. Thru a series of literature review on TT through decades this study, at first, aims to collect variables for TTM; at second, aims to answer a question whether TT still essential to economic development. Moreover, we outlined traits of similarity and stated some singularities of Russian TT&TTM to answer a question whether S&T can be profitable in Russia and proposed some suggestion for Russian practitioners to improve TT. Finally, we argue that there is no “one size fits all” TTM. We believe it is still an open question which will lead to further study.