族群文化對家務分工影響之研究

Research on the Influence of Culture of Ethnic Groups over Divisions of Domestic Labor

吳梅鳳(Mei-Feng Wu)

指導教授 ： 陳芬苓

元智大學/資訊學院/資訊社會學研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

性別平等目前世界各國極欲達到的目標，研究的領域更是由公領域跨入領域
。本研究由原生家庭族群文化的角度切入現在家庭家務分工的情形中去探討：造成現今許多雙薪家庭之所以家務分工不均的原因，除了客觀上工作時間較長的因素之外，其他主觀因素中是否有族群文化的差異。
研究結果發現：閩南、客家族群原生家庭父母在家務上的分工上，男性除了負責農事或外面的工作之外，是不做家事的，尤其是廚房內的事；外省族群原生家庭父母不論其工作性質如何，男性較願意主動參與家事，且較願意走入廚房內。另外各族群對子女在家務的分配上要求也不同，閩南、客家族群對女兒從小就會分配各式的家事，對兒子則會要求做農事或工作；外省族群對女兒做家事的要求上不多，但同時因為外省族群家庭人數較少，且較無農事可做，家事在父母親的分擔下，兒子做家事的機會也不多。再由婚後的家務分工上去分析，女性在婚後不論是否和公婆同住，都是主要的家事負責者，原生家庭對夫妻雙方在婚後的家務分工所造成的影響很大，有和公婆同住者更是明顯。外省公公會做家事並不表示外省先生也會做家事，因為他們從小並沒有做習慣。本文並提出改善性別分工不均的建議，期能營造兩性和諧平等環境。

關鍵字

性別平等 ； 族群文化 ； 原生家庭 ； 家務分工

並列摘要

Gender equality is the objective which worldwide nations attempt to reach now. The research scope is from public sphere to private sphere. This research is to deal with the divisions of existing domestic labor from the perspective of the culture of ethnic groups of family-of-origin, in order to find the reason why the uneven divisions of domestic labor for many dual-earner families nowadays. In addition to the factor of longer working time objectively, whether the other subjective factors like the difference of culture of ethnic groups have influence.
This research discovers the following. In regard to the division of domestic labor for the parents out of the family-of-origin of Minan and Hakka ethnic groups, the males are only responsible for farming or outdoor work but they do not do domestic labor particularly affairs in the kitchen. No matter what the work characteristics of parents out of the family-of-origin of mainlanders, the males are more willing to do domestic labor voluntarily and are more voluntary to walk into kitchen. Moreover, each group has different demands to their children about the distribution of domestic labor. For Minan and Hakka groups, they start distributing various domestic labors to their children when they are young. To sons, they ask them to do farming or work. To daughters, mainlanders group does not ask them too much on domestic labor. Meanwhile, there are fewer families of mainlander groups and little farming to do. Having parents' sharing, sons have fewer chances to do domestic labor. Analyzing from the division of domestic labor after marriage, whether the females live with their father-in-law and mother-in-law, they are the primary undertakers in the family. The family-of-origin families have very big influence over husband and wife on the division of domestic labor after marriage. It becomes more obvious to those who live together with father-in-law and mother-in-law. The mainlanders of fathers-in-law who do domestic labor do not mean that the mainlander husbands will do domestic labor, because they are no used to do it from childhood. This article also proposes the suggestion to the improvement of uneven gender division. Hopefully a harmonious and equal environment for two genders can be created.

並列關鍵字

gender equality ； culture of ethnic groups ； family-of-origin ； divisions of domestic labor

參考文獻

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