績優老人福利機構資源網絡形成歷程及經營發展之研究

A Study of the Development and Management of Resource Networks of Excellent Senior Citizen Welfare Organization

李士豪(Shih-Hao Li)

指導教授 ： 陳燕禎

元智大學/資訊學院/資訊社會學研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究旨在研究績優老人福利機構資源網絡形成及經營策略，瞭解資源網絡形成之因素、運用外部社會資源的互動情形，試圖建構績優老人福利機構運用資源網絡模式。研究進行採質化研究之深入訪談法，以2007年政府評鑑優等北、中、南三區機構為研究對象，選取機構經營者7人、機構住民3人和政府官員1人，共11人進行訪談。本研究結果發現績優老人福利機構資源網絡形成受「法令限制和制度變遷」與「機構依賴外部資源」影響最鉅。從新制度理論來看績優機構網絡資源形成，發現其追求符合「合法性」與「規範性」為機構經營之主要模式；從資源依賴理論來看，「國家權力增長」與「機構資源缺乏」會使經營者配合政府以強化與公部門的網路連結，必要時，機構也會利用資源網絡關係，組織協會與國家的權力抗衡。本研究結果發現績優機構經營者會利用「個人、組織社會網絡關係」與「策略聯盟」獲取鑲嵌於社會中的網絡資源，做為經營發展之策略，以創造優質的成效；而在資源網絡形歷程中，機構本身因資源狀況、外在制度影響與經營策略應用與否，建構出「穩定型」、「鋼索型」、「危險型」三種型態績營模式。本研究對老人福利機構經營建議：機構經營獲取社區認同、參與協會形成資訊平台、利用社會網絡增加機構資源等。最後，期待學術界對機構經營領域持續關注，以提升機構服務品質與績效。

關鍵字

老人福利機構 ； 新制度論 ； 資源依賴 ； 社會網絡 ； 策略聯盟

並列摘要

This study attempts to examine the development and operative strategy of resource networks of excellent senior citizen welfare organization and to understand the factors behind the development of resource networks and the application of external social resources in order that the purpose of constructing a model of applying resources for excellent senior citizen welfare organization may be realized. Based on In-depth Interview Method of qualitative research, this study focuses on organizations from the north, the central and the south evaluated by the government to be excellent; 7 operators of the organizations, 3 residents of the organizations and 1 government official are invited for in-depth interviews. There are totally 11 sample cases completed. This study concludes that the development of resource networks for excellent senior citizen welfare organizations is mostly influenced by ‘the limitation of laws and the transformation of systems’ as well as by ‘organizations’ dependence on external resources’. From the point of view of new institutionalism, the development of resource networks shall base on the pursuit of ‘legality’ and ‘normativity’ as its primary operative model, while from the point of view of resource dependence theory, the growth of national power and the shortage of organizational resources force organization operators to work under the government in order to maintain their relationship with the authority; nevertheless, where necessary, they will also feel compelled to form alliances to fight against the national power. This study also finds that in order to procure operative effectiveness, operators of excellent organizations will take advantage of personal, organizational, and social networks and strategic alliances to access resources available in the society, and this is often taken as the strategy for the development of the organization. Based on the development of resource networks, this study also proposes the following three operative models that shall be applied according to the resource status, the external system and the operative strategy of an organization: the stable model, the cable wire (suspending) model, and the hazardous model. Moreover, this study also suggests that to obtain recognition from the community, the organization must participate in local associations to form an information platform and to increase organizational resources. Lastly, academic circles must pay continuous attention to the operation of such organizations so that the quality and efficiency of services for senior citizens may be upgraded.

並列關鍵字

senior citizen welfare organization ； new institutionalism ； resource dependence ； social network ； strategic alliance

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