某醫學中心護理人員體適能
及其影響因素之探討

擁有健康體適能才能勝任工作、應付緊急情況及享有休閒娛樂和良好生活品質。本研究為橫斷式研究，採隨機取樣以南部一所醫學中心護理人員為對象，有效樣本222名。透過問卷調查及生理監測法測量護理人員「體適能」、「健康狀況」、「運動行為」、「情緒勞務」，在應用統計分析檢驗各變項間的關係。主要研究結果為：護理人員僅24.8﹪有運動習慣。其心肺能力（最大攝氧量）33.3﹪低於常模30百分位；42.8%其柔軟度、39.9%肌耐力、36.2﹪下肢肌力、23.1%上肢肌力低於常模40百分位。14.5%過重，15.4%屬肥胖。21-25歲平均肌耐力顯著低於常模，固定夜班者在肌耐力表現顯著高於固定白班者；身體活動指數分級較高者下肢肌力顯著高於其他分級，有運動習慣者柔軟度顯著高於沒有運動習慣者。自覺健康狀況、運動行為與體適能無顯著相關。情緒勞務感受程度愈高腹部脂肪率、體脂肪率、身體質量指數值愈高；上肢肌力則愈低。本研究建議醫院行政單位應重視護理人員情緒勞務調適之訓練，並積極協助護理人員運動行為的發展。護理人員個人應加強體重管理及建立運動習慣。

關鍵字

體適能；情緒勞務；運動行為；自覺健康情況

並列摘要

Physical fitness play an important role in performing job requirement, responding to emergencies, enjoying recreational activities, and maintaining a good quality of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the current physical fitness of nurses and the variables related to their “health status”, “exercise behavior” and “emotional labor”. Questionnaires and physiological monitoring were used in this study. A total of 222 participants were randomly selected from the nurses at a medical center in Kaohsiung. Our results indicated that, (1) 24.8% of the subjects exercised regularly; (2) compared with the norms, subjects demonstrated reductions of 33.3% in cardiopulmonary fitness, 42.8% in flexibility, 39.9% in muscular endurance, 36.2% and 23.1% in muscular strength of lower limbs and upper limbs, respectively;(3) body mass index showed that 14.5% of the subjects were overweight and 15.4% of them were obese;(4) there was no statistically significant correlation between perceived health status and physical fitness;(5) there was a significant positive correlation between “emotional labor” and body mass index;(6) “emotional labor” was negatively correlated with the muscular strength of upper limbs Based on these results, we recommend that the administrators of the hospital focus on the training of nursing staff in order to reduce “emotional labor” and actively assist and encourage the development of the nursing staff’s “exercise behavior”. Additionally, individual nurses should steadfastly control their weight and diligently develop a habit of regular exercise.