第2型糖尿病病患之健康素養及其相關因素

「健康素養」是指基礎的識讀與計算能力，但整合此二能力至正確分析與判斷的層次，進而達到健康的增益，才是健康素養的實務範疇。本橫斷式研究主要探討第2型糖尿病病患之健康素養及其相關因素。以立意取樣法，調查南部一家醫學中心、一家區域醫院與三家診所之94位成年第2型糖尿病病患。研究工具採結構式問卷，內容包括基本屬性、疾病特性、民眾健康知能量表以及成人功能健康知能量表。收案時間自2012年10月至2012年12月。以百分比、平均值、標準差、雙樣本T檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析及邏輯式迴歸分析等方法，做資料的統計與分析。結果發現第2型糖尿病病患健康素養為邊緣(民眾健康知能量表)與適當(成人功能性健康知能量表) 程度；不同性別、教育程度、年齡、職業及經濟的受試者在健康素養的程度達統計上顯著差異。教育程度可解釋成人功能性健康知能量表所測得之健康素養程度的27.3%，而可解釋民眾健康知能量表所測得之健康素養程度的26%。藉由量表的測量，能適時評估第2型糖尿病病患健康素養情形，進而使血糖控制與健康增益。

關鍵字

糖尿病；第2型糖尿病；健康素養

並列摘要

“Health literacy” is defined as a basic reading and calculation ability. However, the practice scope of health literacy should integrate these two abilities to the level of correct analysis and judgment and achieve health outcomes. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to explore the health literacy of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients and its related factors. By purposive sampling, 94 adults with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were recruited from one medical center, one regional hospital and three medical clinics in the southern Taiwan from October 2011 to December 2011. Data were collected by two questionnaires (Health Literacy Scale and Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults) and analyzed with percentage, mean, SD, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s product moment correlation and logistic regression analysis. The results showed that average health literacy of adults with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was at the marginal (Health Literacy Scale) or adequate level (Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults). Patients who have varied gender, educational level, age, occupation, and economy had significant difference of health literacy. Education level is most important explanatory factor, could explain 27.3% and 26% variance of health literacy in Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults and Health Literacy Scale separately. Using scale to measure health literacy timely in patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus could get better control on blood sugar and promote health.