台灣神將文化研究

A Study of Taiwan's Shen-Chiang Culture

林蔚嘉(Wei-Chia Lin)

指導教授 ： 江韶瑩

國立臺北藝術大學/文化資源學院/傳統藝術研究所工藝美術組/碩士(2005年)

摘要

神將，民間俗稱「大仙尪」或「大身尪」。在台灣各地的迎神賽會活動中，
其以特有的巨大身形、昂然的姿態，行走於主神神轎之前，一直以來都是迎神賽
會裡相當引人注目的陣頭之一。其中最為人熟知的神將 - 謝、范將軍，也稱「七
爺、八爺」，於城隍祭典時出巡的景況更可見諸於清代的文獻記載，顯示出神將
歷史由來已久。
論及神將起源，可回溯到清代福建地區。約與清代沿海居民大批移墾台灣的
同時，活躍於福建地區，屬於芸芸大眾的民間信仰，也隨之移植台灣，而屬於城
隍、東嶽大帝一類之冥司信仰系統所衍生出的部屬神將，也因之移入台灣，此後，
經過百多年的發展，儼然成為台灣地區最具特色的陣頭。
然而，目前無論是早期文獻資料抑或與民間信仰相關的研究對神將的描述少
之又少。有鑑於此，筆者希望藉由撰寫與神將相關之論文，讓自己，也讓大眾有
機會瞭解，專屬於台灣的神將文化。因此，本文撰寫方向一方面試圖從文獻史料
中尋找出神將源流之脈絡，另一方面，則藉由田野調查的方式，對神將製作之工
序、工法與神將出陣操演之步伐、相關儀式、禁忌做一完整的紀錄，期能一窺台
灣神將文化之全貌。

關鍵字

迎神賽會 ； 民間信仰 ； 神將 ； 大仙尪

並列摘要

"Shen Chiang" will be commonly called as 'the immortal 's or 'the big
body 's among the people．Gods tour of inspection celebration of all parts of
Taiwan has a match and will move about, it is with peculiar enormous figure,
posture chinning up and chest, walk before the main supernatural
sedan-chairs of spirit, has all guided one of one burst of heads that people
fixed one's eyes on about equally when will have a match to meet the god all
the time. 'General Xie and Fan' that know very well among them, call 'Gi Ye,
Ba Ye' too, the situation of the tour of inspection can see all documents in
Ching Dynasty to record even more wh en city god holds a memorial ceremony
for the allusion quatation, it is historical and long-standing to show and lost in
thought.
Touching upon the "Shen Chiang" will originate from, can date back to
Ching Dynasty the area of Fujian. Make an appointment and move it while
cultivating Taiwan with coastal residents of Ching Dynasty in I arge batches,
active in the area of Fujian, belong to the many folk faith of Volkswagen,
transplantation Taiwan thereupon too, and within the definition of city god, the
Eastern Mountain big emperors dark department believe in subordinate to a
ministry spirit that be ar that system spread out, the moving in Taiwan of the
reason too, after this, after over one hundred years of development, becoming
Taiwan solemnly has characteristic burst of heads most.
However, it is at present it is no matter not early it is for "Shen Chiang" in
documents and materials or rese arch that correlate with folk faith have fewer
description. In view of this, I hope by write with "Shen Chiang" the relevant
thesis, let oneself，let masses is it understand to have an opportunity too,
which belong to Taiwan culture specially. So, his text write direction is it lost in
thought the train of thought of the source and course to look for from document
historical data to attempt on one hand, on the other hand，the way to
investigate with the field, do an intact record to paces，relevant ceremony,
taboo that the process, worker law and god which the god will make drill
entering the arena, issue can peep Taiwan god the overall picture of culture.

並列關鍵字

Gods tour of inspection celebration，folk for faith，Shen Chiang ； immortal

參考文獻

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蘆洲鄉志編輯委員會（1993）。《蘆洲鄉志》。台北縣：蘆洲鄉公所。

范純武（2002）·《雙忠崇祀與中國民間信仰》，博士論文。臺北市：國立臺灣師

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