口述歷史、物件與博物館：以苗栗獅潭大家來寫村史計畫為例

Oral History, Objects and Museum: A Case Study of "Come and Write Your Village History Project" in Shihtan, Miaoli

林依靜(I-Ching Lin)

指導教授 ： 黃貞燕

國立臺北藝術大學/文化資源學院學術論文/博物館研究所碩士班/碩士(2015年)

摘要

口述歷史與物件常被研究者們視為是不同於文獻資料的歷史研究材料，透過異於文字史料的兩種研究素材更開創了大眾史、文化史、社會史等歷史學研究新領域。重視物件的博物館也在1970年代開始發現口述歷史的用途與價值，並將其方法與資料運用至研究與展覽上。然而，口述歷史與物件在博物館中，大多還是由專家學者進行採集、整理並運用，利用口述歷史與物件所建構出來的歷史仍充滿著菁英色彩。1998年文建會推動的「大家來寫村史計畫」之中，結合「地方文史書寫」與「社區總體營造」兩種概念下誕生的「獅潭村史博物館」則反其道而行，希望藉由口述歷史和物件的方式讓民眾能自己詮釋歷史，並進而重新凝聚對地方的認同感。
在「大家來寫村史計畫」結束十多年後的今日，本文藉由文獻回顧、口述訪談以及實地觀察的方式，重新觀看苗栗獅潭「大家來寫村史計畫」的前期規劃、活動執行過程與參與程度、獅潭村史博物館的展示成果、以及其後續的營運狀況。一方面，探討此計畫所強調之民眾參與的口述歷史與物件展示對歷史詮釋的影響；另一方面也讓我們去反思透過這般操作方式，是否真能將博物館打造成地方民眾能擁有親身參與並實踐自我詮釋的空間。

關鍵字

口述歷史, 物件, 博物館, 大家來寫村史

並列摘要

Researchers often consider oral history and objects that differ from archives as materials for historical research. Different from archives, these two types of materials paved the way to new fields of historical research, such as public, cultural, and social history. In the 1970s, museums with a focus on objects began discovering the purpose and value of oral history, and used its methods and data for research and exhibitions. However, most collections of oral history and objects in museums are gathered by curators who collected, organized and used oral history and artifacts to construct history filled with an elite tone. In 1998, the Ministry of Culture promoted the “Come and Write Your Village History Project”. Originally created with the intention of integrating “written local history” and “community development”, “Shihtan Township Museum” actually went in the opposite direction of that plan. Through the collection of oral history and objects, people can interpret their own histories, and reconcile their local identities as a result.
More than a decade has passed since the “Come and Write Your Village History Project”. This study uses literature review, oral interviews, and field observations to re-examine the preliminary planning, implementation, and participation for the Come and Write Your Village History Project” in Shihtan Township, Miaoli. On one end, this study explores public participation in oral history and artifacts, and their impact on historical interpretation. On another end, it allows us to reflect on whether this operational model can truly allow museums to become spaces in which local people may participate and practice a form of self-interpretation.

並列關鍵字

oral history, objects, museum, Come and Write Your Village History Project

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