八里觀音山石傳統打石業之研究

本研究以八里區觀音山石傳統打石業為研究對象，希望能了解在1960年代以後，觀音山石如何在缺乏優良雕刻石材的臺灣，替代大陸石，成為臺灣傳統建築石作部分的主要石材，並成為八里主要的地方經濟產業。為釐清觀音山石傳統打石業在八里的發展脈絡，本研究集中於：(一)觀音山石之探討 (二)八里觀音山石傳統打石業之發展 (三) 八里觀音山石傳統打石業的傳承系譜 (四) 八里觀音山石傳統打石業的產業系統 (五)八里觀音山石傳統打石業對地方空間發展變遷的影響 (六)觀音山石打石業的歷史定位等六個面向，希望藉此建構出這項地方產業史，也了解這項地方產業在全臺傳統打石業的歷史地位。研究發現，八里觀音山石傳統打石業是奠基在擁有優良的兩輝安山岩礦脈上，產業以供應觀音山原石的上游產業為主。雖然八里區也有打石師傅體系，但均以「開石」和「打粗石」的師傅為主。而傳統產業的全盛時期，打石師傅是很重要的推手，再加上八里石材店所扮演的經銷媒介，讓八里的觀音山石能夠行銷全臺，成為廟宇石雕的主要石材。雖然禁採令影響了傳統打石業，但是新移入的石材商圈，卻讓八里觀音山石傳統打石業成功轉型，也保有了讓人緬懷的空間。

關鍵字

觀音山石；八里；打石業；石材；石雕

並列摘要

A study based on the traditional Guanyinshan stone-carving industry in Bali Township, to discover how Guanyinshan stone replaced China stone in Taiwan after the 1960s, changed into the main stone materiel in Taiwanese traditional buildings and became the important local industry in Bali Township In order to understand the development of Guanyinshan stone-carving industry in Bali Township, the study focuses on six topics: 1) Research of Guanyin stone 2) Development of traditional Guanyinshan stone-carving industry in Bali Township 3) Pedigree of traditional Guanyinshan stone-carving industry in Bali Township 4) The industrial system of traditional Guanyinshan stone-carving industry in Bali Township 5) The influence of traditional Guanyinshan stone-carving industry in Bali Township on local development 6) The historical orientation of traditional Guanyinshan stone-carving industry in Bali Township. This study tries to follow the local industrial history and to understand the historical position of this local industry in Taiwanese traditional stone-carving. The research showed that traditional Guanyinshan idol-carving industry in Bali Township was based out of the excellent Two-Pyroxene Andesite mine. This mine was the main source of stone for the entire Guanyinshan industry for many decades. Although there were idol-carving artistic masters in Bali Township, the stone miners were the majority of workers in the region. With the great skill, the craftsmen and stone-carvers promoted the stone idols, Guanyinshan idols were then to be found in many temples around Taiwan when the Guanyinshan idol-carving industry in the full bloom. Although the prohibition of stone mining influenced the Guanyinshan idol-carving industry, the Guanyinshan stone-carving industry transformed because of the new stone material market.