高雄港二港口不同時段拖船需求變化之研究

A Study of the Demand of Tugboat during different Periods for 2nd Entrance of Port of Kaohsiung

曲紹嘉(Shao-Chia Chu)

指導教授 ： 郭塗城

長榮大學/管理學院/航運管理研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2013.00031

摘要

拖船是協助船舶進出港航行及靠離碼頭不可或缺的港勤船舶，拖船配置數量及馬力型式不可避免影響船舶進出港順序及進出港作業績效，郭塗城(2007)依工作排序概念先後構建船舶進出港排序模式，而後徐國裕(2008)以AHP法設定船舶權重做為航海角度判定之航行優先性指標，林于立(2012)改良先前排序模式缺失而將拖船納入考慮，本文延續林于立構建之模式並針對拖船作業相關限制式略加修改使拖船作業之考慮更加週延。
本研究旨在分析不同時段不同船舶交通情況所需拖船組合之變化，分析樣本摘取自101年高雄港二港口進出港船舶，首先將每日區分為6時至17時及18時至隔日5時兩個時段，而後每一時段依進出港船舶多寡區分成尖峰、平常、及離蜂三種需求情況，再從三種需求情況中分別選取五個樣本，合計30個樣本。
每一樣本之分析結果均得到不同拖船型式不同數量拖船之使用艘次，將分析結果依拖船型式分別計算拖船使用數量之累積次數分配，而後在與預設的拖船滿足率比較，便可決定拖船數量組合，本研究設定三個拖船滿足率，分別為80%、90%、及95%並按三個拖船滿足率提出不同時段不同需求情況的拖船需求。

關鍵字

拖船 ； 港口 ； 船舶 ； 工作排序

並列摘要

Tugboats are needed to assist vessels’ sailing and berthing in a port. The number and the type of tugboats inevitably affect the order of vessels’ sailing in and out of port. Kuo (2007) , based on job sequencing concept, created a sequencing model firstly. Xu (2008) then modified the model by taking the navigational practice into consideration. Lin (2012) improved the model by adding constraints related to tugboat operations. The authors make a slight change in constraints related to tugboat so as to fulfill the practice of tugboat operations.
This paper is designated to explore the variance of demand of tugboat causing by different vessel traffic intensity. The samples are obtained from the ships sailing in or out of 2nd entrance of Port of Kaoshiung in 2012. Each day divides into two periods; from 06:00 to 17:00 and from 18:00 to 05:00 the next day. Each periods divides into three conditions according to the vessel traffic , namely peak, normal, and off-peak. 5 samples are selected from each combination of periods and traffic conditions. Therefore, There are 30 samples in total.
Every sample comes out the voyages of tugboats being put in use. The outcomes are converted into cumulative probability distribution of tugboat by type. For a prespecified coverage ratio, the cumulative probability of a certain type of tugboat is used to determine the required number of that type of tuboat. Three level of coverage ratios, 80%, 90%, and 95%, are assumed in this study. The demand of tugboat for different periods and different traffic conditions are presented based on the three coverage ratios.

並列關鍵字

port ； vessel ； tugboat ； job sequencing

參考文獻

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中文文獻