高層建築物避難技術之研究

隨著國內經濟蓬勃發展與人口的集中，在原有都市土地範圍的侷限下，為充分有效的利用，建築物由平面的空間逐漸延伸為立體的空間，城市建築日趨向高空延伸，城市構造隨之高層化，高層建築是人類智慧的結晶，它既是現代科學技術的象徵，又是城市發展的重要標誌。然而，高層建築物猶如微型城市，人員、財務集中，如果發生重大災害，所造成之損失影響層面深廣，因此，高層建築的消防安全問題，是全世界面臨的共同難題，值得我們共同研究，探尋對策。本研究針對高層建築的特點，堅持以人為本，建築內的所有居民都必須得到保護的基礎上，針對我國現有高層建築物疏散避難問題做一深入之探討與分析，研擬可行之高層建築物之避難設施之管理機制及疏散避難對策及措施，希望能藉此研究，對於高層建築物火災災害之抑制有所助益，且藉由具體改善避難技術方法來提供民眾做好平日訓練，在不幸遭遇火災時，不論在避難或在滅火，皆能做出適當之因應措施，降低財務損失及人命傷亡，進而提昇都市之整體安全與居住之品質。

關鍵字

高層建築；疏散避難

並列摘要

With prosperous development in domestic economy and population centralization, the buildings gradually switch from horizontal plane into vertical plane for persuading advantage use beyond the original city region limitation. Since the city buildings gradually stretch to high altitude, the city’s structure tends to be high-rise. High-rise building, the fruit of human-beings’ wisdom, is not only the symbol of modern technology but also the important indicator of city development. However, high-rise buildings are like a mini-city which concentrates civilians and business. In case of serious disaster, it would cause great damage in many aspects. Therefore, the fire safety issue of high-rise buildings the whole world is facing is worth researching to find solutions. This study specializes in high-rise building features, on the basis of insisting that all the residents in the building need to be protected, focuses further investigation and analysis on the existent domestic high-rise building evacuation problems, and promotes some reliable management mechanism of high-rise building evacuation facilities as well as evacuation strategies and procedures. From this study, it hopes to benefit fire prevention in high-rise building and to improve evacuation skills to provide the civilians with ordinary training. When a building encounters fire unfortunately, in evacuation or in extinguishment, there are adequate procedures to follow to reduce the loss of human lives and money as well as to increase the city’s wholesome safety and residential quality at the same time.