家戶選擇洪水調整策略之機制探討-以東勢及新化鎮為例

A Comparative Study of Household Adjustments on Flooding - Dongshih and Sinhua Township in Taiwan

甄冠傑(kuan-chieh Chen)

指導教授 ： 薩支平

長榮大學/管理學院/土地管理與開發研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2009.00040

摘要

本研究討論家戶透過災害經驗累積與其風險知覺選擇之災害調整行為，是否會因近年社區所受到的洪災衝擊而有影響。洪水災害是台灣最常見的天然災害之一；面臨洪災衝擊時，家戶是最直接受到衝擊的社會單位。藉由對家戶調整選擇之瞭解，做為政府單位進行推動家戶調整的依據，以降低災害損失。
本研究整合兩個社區的災害調整問卷，包括：受七二水災衝擊之東勢鎮，及無受災之新化鎮。研究發現：家戶會因近年社區遭受洪災衝擊而影響到調整行為的選擇。東勢鎮受過洪災衝擊，社區家戶整體較傾向於參與公共防災活動；無受災之新化鎮，社區家戶較傾向選擇實質環境改變及行為改善與防災物資整備。另外，東勢鎮家戶中直接受到身體生命傷害的家戶，傾向於選擇實質環境改變及行為改善與防災物資整備，面臨道路淹水的家戶則較可能整備物資；新化鎮家戶中，曾採取避難行為的家戶，較可能參與公共防災活動。這兩鎮的家戶在面臨災害時，風險知覺程度愈高的家戶會有愈多的調整行為。
本研究建議政府分別針對有無受災經驗的社區，提昇家戶對風險知覺的認知，進而使家戶能正視調整工作的重要。例如有受災經驗之社區，推廣防救災與宣導教育時加強民眾對實質環境改變及行為改善與防災物資整備的知覺；無受災經驗之家戶，加強公共防災活動的宣導給予民眾瞭解。

關鍵字

災害經驗 ； 風險知覺 ； 家戶調整行為 ； 東勢 ； 新化

並列摘要

The research examines the effects of hazard experience and risk perceptions on household flooding adjustments; more specifically, it studies whether and how household adopts adjustment after flood struck the community.Flooding is one of the most common natural hazards in Taiwan.When it strikes, household is the basic social unit influenced.Therefore, a better understanding on how hazard experience and risk perception affect households’ adoption of adjustment can buildup a foundation for the authorities to promote better household adjustments, thus reduce disaster losses effectively.
This study merged household adjustment databases of two surveys to local communities, which includes Dongshih and Sinhua townships. The former suffered in floods on July 2nd, 2004, while the latter did not experience flooding in recent years.The study finds households change their adjustment activities according to recent flooding evnets.Dongshih’s citizens are more likely to participate public preventive activities.People at Sinhua did not have hazard experience, would prefer physical changes, behavioral modifications, and stock precautionary goods.Besides, households suffered from physical and vital injuries in Dongshih are more likely to adopt physical adjustments, modify personal behaviors, and stock needed materials.However, those who sought sheltering in Sinhua are more likely to participate in preventative activities.In these two communities, households who perceive higher risks are expected to adopt more adjustments.
This study suggests that the authorities should offer various incentives to communities with and without previous disaster hits.It can encourage them to understand the threats they face, eventually they will realize the importance of hazard adjustments.For communities with hazard experiences, the authorities should mount extensive precautionary campaign and emphasize safety education for the public to portrait a clearer idea of adjustments.On the other hand, for those without such experiences, precautionary activities should be held to raise better understandings about potential threats.

並列關鍵字

Hazard Experience ； Risk Perception ； Household Adjustment ； Dongshih ； Sinhua

參考文獻

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