探討家庭及同儕因素影響青少年吸菸行為的調節變項及中介變項

The Moderator and Mediator Effects of Family and Peer Smoking on Adolescent Smoking

黃慧文(Hui-Wen Huang)

指導教授 ： 黃芷苓

長榮大學/健康科學學院/護理學系(所)/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2010.00066

摘要

台灣地區1994年高中職學生吸菸率為10.7%，2007年為14.8 %，可見青少年吸菸率有逐年上升的趨勢，目前研究已確認父母親吸菸、兄弟姊妹吸菸及同儕吸菸對於青少年吸菸行為有顯著的影響，然而其可能的影響機轉，透過那些調節變項和中介變項，國內外文獻較少針對此部份的研究問題進行探討。瞭解青少年吸菸行為的機轉將有助於降低青少年吸菸率，因此本研究對於青少年吸菸行為的影響機轉進行系統性文獻回顧，提出可能的機轉路徑，再進一步測試一系列的機轉模式。本研究設計為橫斷性研究，在南部地區9所高中職學校，以年級分層隨機取樣，有效樣本數為940位。採用被動式家長同意書，研究工具為結構式問卷共37題，由研究者發放和回收問卷，完成問卷後給予個別及團體之相關健康教育指導。所有問卷登錄以Microsoft Access 2003作資料管理，統計方法為描述性統計、邏輯式迴歸、階層式迴歸及結構方程模式，以JMP 7.0版、SPSS12.0、PRELIS 2和LISREL 8.7版套裝軟體進行資料分析。重要變項模式方面，發現學校禁菸執行不是影響青少年吸菸行為的重要變項。調節變項模式方面，發現學校禁菸執行是影響兄弟姊妹吸菸和同儕吸菸對於青少年吸菸行為的調節變項，但是學校禁菸執行調節同儕吸菸對於青少年吸菸行為的影響是有爭論的。中介變項模式方面，發現吸菸正向期望是父母親吸菸、兄弟姊妹吸菸、同儕吸菸影響青少年吸菸的部分中介變項模式。透過了解青少年吸菸的機轉路徑，未來可以發展有效的青少年吸菸預防計畫，作為政府擬定青少年健康之國家重要政策的依據。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 吸菸行為 ； 調節變項 ； 中介變項

並列摘要

The smoking rate, 10.7% in 1994 and 14.8% in 2007, was gradually increasing for senior high school students in Taiwan. Previous research showed that parent, sibling and peer smoking contributed to predicting cigarette use in adolescents. However, little research examined the role of school regulation as a predictor of adolescents’ smoking behavior. The aims of the study were to examine the proposed models regarding the moderators and mediators of family and peer smoking influencing on adolescent smoking. Cross-sectional school-based survey was conducted in nine high schools in southern and middle area of Taiwan. The stratified randomly sampling by grade was used to select participants in each school. The effective sample size was 940. The passive parental consent was used in this study. The participants were asked to complete a self-reported questionnaire including 37 questions. After collecting data, the researcher provided individual and group health education. Data was managed using Microsoft Access 2003. Logistic regression was used to assess the risk factor for adolescent smoking. Hierarchical regrssion was used to test school smoking policy as a moderator of the effect of family smoking or peers smoking on cigarette use among adolescents. Structure equation modeling was used to assess the fit of the proposed models. The software JMP 7.0, SPSS 12.0, PRELIS 2 and LISREL 8.7.were employed to perform these analyses. School smoking policy was not a significantly risk factor for adolescent smoking. School smoking policy was a moderater of the effect of sibling smoking and adolescent smoking. However, it was controversial that school smoking policy moderated the relation between peer smoking and adolescent smoking behavior. The influence of parents, sibling or peer smoking on adolescents’ smoking is partially mediated by positive expectancy about smoking. The results of this study can help health professionals and health policy makers to explore ways to prevent smoking in adolescents.

並列關鍵字

adolescent ； smoking behavior ； moderator ； mediator

參考文獻

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