新式航空器營運對機場環境成本之影響-噪音與引擎廢氣

The Environmental Cost Implications of New Generation Aircraft on Airport Operations – Noise and Engine Emissions

邱翰暘(Han-Yang Chiu)

指導教授 ： 盧曉櫻

長榮大學/管理學院/航運管理研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2011.00140

摘要

隨著航空產業對地區及氣候造成的汙染逐漸上升，各國政府與機構都採取各種措施來降低由航空產業排放之汙染物，包括新式科技與設施、改善航空器與機場之營運效率以及市場手段等。而航空器製造商亦建造更具燃油效率、排放更少二氧化碳的新式航空器。然而，航空器並非僅會排放二氧化碳，還包括其他各類的汙染物，僅提升燃油效率與降低二氧化碳排放，並不足以證明新式航空器能降低對環境的衝擊。因此，衡量新式航空器是否能對環境有實質幫助，成為一項值得探討的問題。
本研究主要針對引擎污染物與噪音兩部份，將新式航空器與各類舊式航空器比較，探討在氣候變遷與人體健康上之影響，並衡量新式航空器營運後對機場之污染物減量效益。結果顯示新式航空器在長程中運量航線上表現最優異，而在其他航線與機場方面，若機場容量允許且能以高效能的方式營運，新式航空器同樣對環境具有實質效益，與飛機製造商之聲稱相吻合。

關鍵字

新式航空器 ； 引擎污染物 ； 航空噪音 ； 環境成本

並列摘要

With the increasing recognition of the impact of aircraft operations on the local environment and the atmosphere, mitigation measures for engine emission have been taken by various hierarchies of governments and authorities. Recommended measures include improvements in technology and infrastructure, aircraft and airport operations, as well as market-based measures. The aircraft manufacture has also designed the new generation aircraft with more fuel efficiency and reduce carbon dioxide. However, aircraft has many different emissions, only reduce carbon dioxide doesn’t enough to ensuring that new generation aircraft is better for environment. Therefore, is worth to know whether it has real environmental friendly and positive implicate.
This paper focus on the emission and noise cost of new generation aircraft, compare with old aircrafts, explore the benefit to climate change and human health, measuring the implication of new generation aircraft on airport operation. The results show that the New generation aircraft has better environmental performance when operating in medium-demand long haul flights. With fuel-efficient operational procedures and suitable capacity at airports, this new aircraft type could still achieve its claim by manufacture as environmentally friendly aircraft.

並列關鍵字

new generation aircraft ； engine emissions ； aircraft noise ； environmental cost

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