護理人員因持續暴露在病患創傷或痛苦中而長期付出同理心,加上護理嚴峻的工作,累積苦難經驗的壓力產生負面症狀,此狀態為悲憫疲憊,若沒有得到適當調適,會影響照護品質、失去護理人員的同情能力。本研究旨在了解女性護理人員悲憫疲憊、悲憫滿足與疲潰現況,個人屬性與現況之關係。本研究採回溯性量性橫斷式問卷調查法,收案對象取自南部某醫學中心,在2014年1月及2014年3月之間,以立意非隨機方式進行資料收集。共得357份有效問卷,回收率99.1%。 研究結果顯示,悲憫疲憊屬於極高危險群、悲憫滿足屬於高程度滿足、疲潰屬於高危險群。進一步分析個人屬性與悲憫疲憊、悲憫滿足及疲潰的關係,結果顯示悲憫滿足及疲潰會因為婚姻而有顯著不同,已婚者均高於未婚者。悲憫疲憊、悲憫滿足及疲潰均會因休閒而有顯著不同。此外,悲憫疲憊及疲潰會因年資的不同而有顯著不同,總年資介於中生代者其悲憫疲憊程度較嚴重。悲憫疲憊、悲憫滿足及疲潰不會因宗教信仰、單位科別、以及平均每日工作時數的不同而有所不同。根據研究結果,針對護理人員的悲憫疲憊問題提出教育、行政、實務、研究四方向之因應策略。
Nurses commonly experience long-term disbursing empathies that due to continuously expose to patients’ traumas or suffers. Accumulating with rigorous nursing works, they may develop negative emotions or even symptoms. This is called compassion fatigue. If nurses’ compassion fatigues are not appropriately adjusted, the quality of care will be affected and the nurses’ abilities of sympathy may be lost. The purpose of this study is to understand the current stats of compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, and burnout among female nurses. A retrospective cross-sectional quantitative research design was applied in this study using structured questionnaires in the data collection. A total of 357 participants from a medical center in the South Taiwan were recruited through purposive non-random sampling procedures. The data collection was from January 2014 to March 2014. The results of the study show that nurses’ compassion fatigues were belong to the extremely high-risk group, compassion satisfactions were belong to the high level satisfaction group, and burnouts were belong to the high-risk group. Compassion satisfactions and burnouts were significant different in marriage status. Married nurses had higher compassion satisfactions and burnouts than unmarried nurses. Compassion fatigues, compassion satisfactions, and burnouts were all significant different in the level of leisure. Moreover, compassion fatigues and burnouts were both significant different in terms of seniority, with the “Mesozoic” nurses had the highest level of compassion fatigues. All of compassion fatigues, compassion satisfactions, and burnouts were no differences in terms of religions, work divisions, and work time. Based on the results of the study, strategies to adjust nurses’ compassion fatigues in the education, administration, clinical practice, and research areas were proposed.
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