探討地形效應對台灣南部臭氧所造成之影響

A study of terrain effect on ozone in southern Taiwan

黃奎尹(Kuei-Yin Huang)

指導教授 ： 賴信志

長榮大學/資訊暨工程學院/資訊管理學系(所)/碩士(2016年)

摘要

臺灣本島位於在亞熱帶地區，受到地殼擠壓導致台灣山脈為南北走向長，東西較窄在陸地上造成陡峭的特殊地形，在各種天氣系統接近臺灣的時候，明顯的海陸分佈及山坡地形，將會影響與阻擋然而生成複雜的交互作用，在臺灣終年受到季風影響，在夏季為西南季風到了冬季為東北季風，然而盛行風也會因地形而引發輻合、抬升、繞流等現象，也因此盛行風場與局部環流是有密切關聯。還必須考量到中央山脈地形所造成的變化，尤其在空氣污染的相關議題上。因大氣污染形成的兩大主要原因，為污染物排放及大氣條件但是大氣受到地形影響甚大，因此本研究主要是探討在污染事件日，在大氣流場受到地形影響產生的變化與污染物累積之相關，並試圖找出尋求辦別的指數和方法來加以分析。本研究利用環保署的監測資料篩選出2003年到2012年的空氣污染個案，以此了解高臭氧污染事件與風場及地形之關連性。為更清楚了解高污染事件之大氣環流型態變化，本研究從文獻中挑選出案例日利用MM5中尺度氣象模式完成模擬，進而使用模擬資料解析在不同區域發生高臭氧污染現象時之大氣流場變化，並探討地面風場、高層風場與地形之間關係。分析結果顯示，案例事件日之高空風場均有地形繞流與地面臭氧污染物高濃度分佈的現象發生，在各種不同臭氧污染事件的大氣條件分析結果顯示因地形之影響由地面到高空存在互相對應的風場。

關鍵字

地形效應 ； 空氣污染 ； 中尺度氣象模式

並列摘要

Taiwan is located at the junction of the world's largest land mass and ocean, the location is very special, heavily influenced by the monsoon system. Taiwan is complex terrain , central mountain range stands in the center of Taiwan’s and two areas separated Taiwan .When the synoptic weather systems affected Taiwan, atmospheric conditions in some areas of discussion, and have to consider the terrain changes caused by the central mountains, especially on issues related to air pollution, the terrain effect is even more important factor.Air pollution formed the two main pollutants emissions and atmospheric conditions, but the atmosphere is affected by the terrain. Therefore, this study aims to formulate a pollution incident of atmospheric flow fields are associated with the pollutants accumulated, and trying to figure out to seek any index to analyze it. Select case studies from the literature. First, our research utilizes the EPA’s monitoring data to filter the air pollution cases from 2003 to 2012. After investigating the type consists of High-Pressureand Northeaster. Second, according to the wind field distribution of air pollution cases, we distinguish Taiwan into several terrains in order to realize the connection between high pollution events, weather system and terrain. To understand the type variation of atmosphere circumfluence in the high pollution events more clearly, This study uses MM5 middle meteorology mode to completely simulate the meteorology simulation database for ten years, from 2003 to 2012. In MM5 database, the time resolution of atmosphere environment data is one hour and the space resolution of atmosphere environment data is three kilogram. By utilizing the MM5 database, we can analysis the variation of atmosphere circumfluence in the high pollution events within different area. Moreover, we can also study the relationship between the wind fields underground or in high level and the terrain. The result of analysis reveals that the phenomena of terrain flow around is always happened in high level wind field during the cases and the air over the area full with high density pollution stuffs presents flow convergence state. The analysis result of atmosphere conditions in different kinds of pollution events shows that there are wind fields from ground to air corresponding to each other which is affected by the terrain.

並列關鍵字

terrain effect ； air pollution ； mesoscale model

參考文獻

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