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  • 學位論文

老年人喪偶與認知功能變化之相關性探討

The Association Between Widowhood and Change in Cognitive Function for the Elderly

指導教授 : 王劼

摘要


背景與目的:在老化的過程中認知功能衰退為一種常見的問題,容易惡化成失智症,失智所受到的影響範圍不單只有年齡所造成的結果,而婚姻被認為是與健康和死亡相關的重要因素,但國內鮮少探討老年人喪偶後心理健康的改變,因此本研究目的為探討喪偶與認知功能變化之相關性,並檢視是否因喪偶者性別而有所差異。 方法:本研究採縱貫性世代研究設計,利用衛生福利部國民健康署「台灣地區中老年身心社會狀況長期追蹤調查」,以2003、2007年調查資料進行分析,選取65歲以上、婚姻狀況為持續有偶或喪偶者,且非他人代答及遺漏值者,最後選出研究對象共1086人,以線性迴歸分析檢定喪偶與否和認知功能變化間的相關性。 結果:台灣地區65歲以上喪偶者占10.68%,2003年認知功能平均得分為7.31分,2007年平均得分為7.07分,兩年度平均得分的差異為下降了0.24分,且以喪偶者下降的分數較多(平均下降0.69分),而喪偶與否與認知功能變化間達顯著相關。在性別分層方面,以女性喪偶者認知功能狀況較差,但男性結果相反且未達顯著。 結論:喪偶與否與認知功能間達顯著差異,且在性別間是有存在不同影響,女性喪偶後對認知功能的改變較男性嚴重,如何使老年喪偶者,特別是女性,所遭受認知功能影響能降到最低,是未來政策與研究上不可忽略的議題。

關鍵字

婚姻狀況 喪偶 認知功能 老人 性別

並列摘要


Background and Objective:Cognitive decline is a common problem for the elderly population and many of them may eventually suffer from various types of dementia. Marital status is often associated with different health outcomes. However, there werevery few studies that specifically examined the relationship between widowhood and cognitive decline. This study examined the associationbetween widowhood and cognitive declinein the elderly and also explore whether this relationship differs.between different genders. Method:Data for this longitudinal cohort study came from the 2003 and 2007 waves of the Survey of Health and Living Status of the Elderly in Taiwan. The finial sample included1,086 participants. Linear regression modelswere used for data analyses. Result:10.68% of the study sample waswidowed during the four-year study period. On average, the cognitive function of the study sample declined 0.24 points, with the widowed elderly declined significantly more than those that were still married during this period. There was significant correlation between widowhood and cognitive decline. Furthermore, this relationship was significant in the female sample but not in the male sample. Conclusion:Future policy initiatives should assist the widowed elderly to cope with their life situations to prevent cognitive decline and promote successful aging.

並列關鍵字

Marital status Widowhood Cognitive function Elderly Gender

參考文獻


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