在台國際企業主管轉換型領導、領導者/部屬交換關係與部屬組織公民行為關係之研究—以調節焦點為干擾變項

A Research on the Relationships among Transformational Leaderships for Managers, Leader-Member Exchange Theory and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors for Members in the International Business in Taiwan─Regulatory Focus as a Moderating Variable

郭怡君(I-Chun Kuo)

指導教授 ： 陳璧清

共同指導教授 ： 李元墩

長榮大學/管理學院/國際企業研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

隨著台灣產業外移的步伐持續加快，國外投資已成為各國企業開拓市場與提升競爭力的主要策略之一，國外投資事業營運狀況及對於台灣經濟所衍生的諸多影響已受到國人的高度關注。轉換型領導強調在不同的情境當中，需要合宜的領導行為以滿足成員的需求與組織目標的達成；領導者與部屬存在著社會交換關係，使得員工更有意願擔負除了工作職責範圍外的任務，根據先前研究之觀點，組織公民行為是一種在社會交換關係中所表現的行為。研究學者亦發現，調節傾向是影響部屬對於轉換型領導喜好的關鍵特質，而影響個體對於領導型態喜好的調節傾向，也就是所謂的調節焦點。
本研究受測對象為在台國際企業主管與直屬部屬，採一對一配對方式執行，並透過立意抽樣方式取得有效問卷，總計回收219份問卷，有效回收率為49.14％。根據分析結果歸納出研究結果如下：轉換型領導與領導者/部屬交換關係之間有顯著正相關；領導者/部屬交換關係與組織公民行為之間有顯著正相關；調節焦點在領導者/部屬交換關係與組織公民行為的影響關係中存在些許干擾效果。本研究依據研究結果，提出結論、實務上的建議，並對後續研究提出管理意涵與未來研究方向之建議。

關鍵字

轉換型領導 ； 領導者/部屬交換關係 ； 組織公民行為 ； 調節焦點

並列摘要

As the acceleration of Taiwanese industrial migration, foreign investment has become the primary strategy of corporations to expand markets and elevate competitiveness. The operational status of foreign investment and its own influences to Taiwanese economy have been intensively concerned by nationals. Transformational leadership focuses on the appropriate behaviors of leadership that satisfy organizational purposes and members' needs. Employees exhibit higher willingness to manage missions outside their vocational responsibilities, as long as social exchange exists between leaders and subordinates. According to previous researches, organizational citizenship behavior is a part of social exchange. Moreover, scholars discovered that the regulatory tendency is the key feature shaping subordinates' opinions to transformational leadership. And, the regulatory tendency that modifies individuals' beliefs is so-called “regulatory focus.”
This study centers on managers and their direct subordinates and obtains valid questionnaires by applying one-on-one interview and purposive sampling. In total, 219 questionnaires were retrieved; the effective return rate is 49.14%. Based on the analytical results, this study found that transformational leadership has a significant positive correlation with leader-member exchange, that leader-member exchange has significant positive correlation with organizational citizenship behavior, and that regulatory focus produces a little moderating effect in the correlation between leader-member exchange and organizational Citizenship Behavior. In accordance with research results, this study proposes conclusions and substantial suggestions. Furthermore, management meaning and recommendations for continuous research and future investigation are submitted.

並列關鍵字

Transformational Leadership ； Leader-Member Exchange ； Organizational Citizenship Behavior ； Regulatory Focus

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