健康環境價值評估之研究-以台南市為例

Research of Healthy Environment Valuation — A Case Study of Tainan City

王嘉偉(Chia-Wei Wang)

指導教授 ： 周士雄

長榮大學/管理學院/土地管理與開發學系(所)/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2011.00220

摘要

在經濟成長與都市化的趨勢下，現今社會經常存在著許多影響健康的問題，在世界衛生組織提出「健康城市計畫」運動後，全球許多城市都已經開始推動健康城市計畫。原台南市 (指縣市合併前的台南市)為進一步提升居民的生活品質，自2003年開始推動健康城市計畫，除了依據世界衛生組織所提指標為參考外，另也發展出屬於原台南市之本土指標作為實踐健康城市的項目。本研究參考原台南市所發展之本土指標並彙整歸納健康環境相關指標後，建立健康環境評估因子。以原台南市作為研究範圍，利用條件評估法進行開放式問卷實地調查，建立健康環境願付價格模型，並分析願付價格之影響因素。相關研究結論如下:
原台南市居民在整體健康環境滿意度上，顯示對「家庭資源回收執行成效」之滿意程度最高，而「大眾運輸便利性」之滿意程度最低，再從平均願付價格分析，受訪者對於大眾運輸便利性之支付金額不低，也顯示居民相當期待大眾運輸之便利性提升。以各項環境品質之平均願付金額來觀察，居民反映在公共災害安全性之平均願付價格是最高的，且傾向持續改善至非常滿意的程度，此即代表居民對於公共災害之安全性也最為重視。
此外，由簡單線性迴歸模型的估計結果顯示，居民願付價格的顯著影響因素有二:一為居民對於各項環境品質滿意度會影響其願付價格，滿意程度越高則願付價格愈低；二為影響居民健康環境願付價格的顯著變數包括對各項環境之滿意度、個人社經屬性、家庭特徵以及個人健康行為等項目。

關鍵字

健康城市 ； 條件評估法 ； 願付價格

並列摘要

Abstract
In the current trend of economic growth development and urbanization, many factors influencing health exist in the current society. Since the initiation of the campaign of “Healthy City Project” by World Health Organization (WHO), many cities in the world began to promote the project. The original Tainan City, the one before county-city merger, started the project of healthy city since 2003 in order to promote life quality of its citizens. In excising the items of healthy city, it not only took the indicators of WHO as reference but also developed local indicators which belonged to the city-self. In this study, factors for evaluating healthy environment were established in terms of the local indicators formulated by the original Tainan City and relative indicators for healthy environment were compiled and induced. Both Contingent Valuation Method(CVM) open-ended questionnaire and Willingness To Pay(WTP) were used to establish the study case model and analyze the factors influencing the WTP. Relative conclusions of this study are as follows:
With regard to satisfaction to the overall healthy environment, citizens of the original Tainan City represented the highest satisfaction on the performance of resource recycling and the lowest on convenience of mass transit. As for average WTP for various items of environmental quality, citizens had the highese WTP for safety of public disasters and represented the desire for continuous improvement to the extent of very satisfactory level, this result suggesting the citizens were very concerned about the safety of public disasters.
Besides, the assessment result of simple linear regression model shows that two factors significantly influence citizens WTP: firstly, citizens’ satisfaction on various environmental quality influenced their WTP, the higher satisfactory the lower WTP; secondly, significant variables influencing WTP for citizens’ healthy environment included satisfaction on various environments, personal socio-economic attribute, family characteristics, and personal health behaviors.

並列關鍵字

Healthy City ； Contingent Valuation Method(CVM) ； Willingness To Pay(WTP).

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