人類的平均壽命受到優渥的經濟環境和醫療設備之影響不斷地延長,因此全球高齡人口的比率正在逐年提高當中。而在台灣由於養育小孩的負擔過重,導致許多人不願意生小孩,因而造成台灣地區的人口生育率逐漸下降,幼年人口及青壯年人口呈現逐年下降的趨勢。 因此在配合高齡化社會發展的情況下,如何建構符合市場需求的老人住宅,其關鍵影響的因素為何,值得加以探討。本研究擬運用Porter(1985)價值鏈的觀點,並採取模糊德菲法(Fuzzy Delphi Method)與模糊層級分析法(Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process , FAHP) 確立「建構台灣老人住宅的成功關鍵因素」之衡量構面與評估項目。 研究結果顯示,經第一階段模糊德菲法專家問卷分後,篩選出18項具專家共識的評估準則,作為第二階段模糊層級分析專家問卷的層級架構。經第二階段模糊層級分析後,萃取出分別為「人性化照護服務」、「醫療保健服務」、「老人住宅的租金」、「必要的居家照護服務」、「掌握市場需求趨勢的能力」,以及「周遭交通的便利性」,這六項因素做為建構老人住宅之關鍵成功因素。 最後,根據上述研究結果擬定因應的發展策略,提供產業界及相關單位規劃老人住宅之參考,以求能夠建立符合市場需求的老人住宅並提升台灣老人住宅的競爭優勢。
The averagehumanlife spancontinues toextend which results in the increased global ratio ofelderly population because of theprivilegedeconomic environment andthe impact ofmedical devices.As children's education is too costly, many couples are reluctant tohave children which leads to declined birth rate. Young and middle-aged population gradually tend to fall. Therefore what is the key factors affecting the construction of elderly housing to meet market demand. It is worth being explored.This study was to use Porter’s (1985) view on value chain, and take Fuzzy Delphi Method with Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process to establish "Taiwan's elderly housing Construct critical success factors" of the measure dimension and assessment items. The results were shown as follows. The researcher selected 18 guidelines of assessment with expert consensus as the hierarchy structure of the expert questionnaire at 2nd step of FAHP, after the expert analysis of the questionnaire at 1st step of FDM. And then the researcher extracted 6 elements which were including “Humane care services”, “Health care services”, “Rental housing for the elderly”, “Necessary home care services”, “The ability to grasp the market demand trends”, and “The convenience of the surrounding traffic” to be the key success factors ofelderly housing. Finally based on the findings, this study will provide the industry and authority reference plan for the elderly housing, in order to enhance the competitiveness of elderly housing in Taiwan.