影響臨床護理人員營養攝取行為及其相關因素探討

A Study on Nurses’ Nutritional Behavior and the Associated Factors

蘇春秀(CHUN-HSIU SU)

指導教授 ： 周傳姜

長榮大學/健康科學學院/護理學研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2009.00175

摘要

本研究目的在探討臨床護理人員的營養攝取行為及其相關因素，以南部某區域醫院全體基層護理人員298名為研究對象，採橫斷式調查法。研究工具為「飲食行為量表」及「24小時飲食回憶紀錄」。所得資料利用SPSS for windows 13.0版套裝軟體進行統計分析，以次數、百分比呈現描述統計資料，再以t 檢定、單因子變異量分析、雪費氏事後比較及多元迴歸進行推論統計。
研究結果顯示，臨床護理人員整體的營養攝取行為欠佳，五成的護理人員三餐攝取不定時，外食頻率高，且主食類、蔬菜、水果和肉魚豆蛋類的攝取達到『每日飲食指南』建議攝取量之比率偏低。從二十四小時飲食回憶紀錄分析結果得知，臨床護理人員的平均熱量攝取為2,536大卡，蛋白質為116.8克、脂質為95.5克及醣類為343克；其中脂肪攝取量為低，蛋白質及醣類攝取量有較高之結果。在營養攝取行為的影響因素方面，年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況、居住狀況、工作年資、輪班特性、服務部門、BMI、自覺健康狀況、健康問題方式均呈現統計上顯著之差異，但在職教育、服用藥物則沒有顯著差異。最後，研究者分別對教育、行政管理與後續研究提出建議。

關鍵字

護理人員 ； 營養攝取行為

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to explore the nutritional behavior among nurses of a general hospital in southern Taiwan. This study used a survey method and the subjects included 298 nurses of a general hospital in southern Taiwan. The study adopted a cross-sectional design. The questionnaire content included scales of nutritional behavior, and 24-hour dietary recall. Data were filed in code. Nutrients analysis of statistics was proceded with SPSS / window PC (+) 13.0. Statistical methods applied include frequency distribution, percentage, t- test, ANOVA, Scheffe’s tests and multiple regressions.
The results of the study showed：Nurses have poor nutrient behavior, half of them ate meals irregularly, and most of them ate out. They didn’t intake enough cereals, vegetables, fruits and meat as suggested by the “Daily Dietary Quideline” from NHA. Each subject completed a 24-hour diet recall, the mean daily intakes of calories and macro- nutrients for nurses are: 2,536 Kcal, 116.8g of protein, 95.5g of fat, and 343g for carbohydrate. The daily intake of fats was lower, but that of protein and carbohydrate were higher than ideal values. Except in-service education and taking medicine, there were statistically significant relationships between age, education, marriage status, residential condition； working years, work shift, working department, BMI, self-perceived health status and health problem. Finally, suggestions on related education, administrative management and future research directions were provided by the researcher.

並列關鍵字

nurse ； nutritional behavior

參考文獻

行政院衛生署（2004）•國民飲食指標•台北：行政院衛生署。

林雅雯、游琇茜、翁政玉、黃于晏、楊琇惠、劉智綱（2003）•醫院員工健康促進生活型態及其決定因素之探討-以新竹某區域教學醫院為例•醫務管理期刊，4（4），77-99。

曾妍娟、錢才瑋、郭浩然、蘇世斌（2005）•職場醫療衛生單位醫護人員健康行為之調查•中華職業醫學雜誌，12（2），73-84。

蕭永薰、黃元中、何廷俊（1999）•日夜節律與輪班制工作•中華職業醫學雜誌(復刊號)，6（2），63-72。

潘文涵、章雅惠、陳正義、吳幸娟、曾明淑、高美丁（1999）•國民營養健康狀況變遷調查(NAHSIT)1993-1996：以二十四小時飲食回顧法評估國人膳食營養狀況•中華民國營養學會雜誌，24（1），11-39。