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  • 學位論文

耐火高熵合金Al-Hf-Mo-Nb-Ta-Ti-Zr添加 Cr與Si對微結構及性質影響之研究

Study on the effects of Si, Cr addition on the properties of Al-Hf-Mo-Nb-Ta-Ti-Zr refractory high-entropy alloys

指導教授 : 葉均蔚
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摘要


高熵合金之設計概念已逐漸受國內外所重視。美國空軍實驗室於2010年發表第一組耐火高熵合金 NbTaMoW、VNbTaMoW,VNbTaMoW具有良好的常溫壓縮強度 (1246 MPa) 及高溫壓縮強度 (1600°C時為477 MPa),但其缺點為室溫延性不佳、密度過高因此不利於實際上的運用,隨後又發表第二組耐火高熵合金HfNbTaTiZr,其室溫壓縮試驗塑性應變量大於50%,大幅改善了延性,加上該合金亦擁有不錯的室溫強度 (929 MPa),因此本實驗室以HfNbTaTiZr 為基底開始進行一系列的合金設計改良。 由先前學長研究發現 HfNbTaTiZr 添加 Al 及 Si 皆能有效提升高溫抗氧化能力而添加 Mo 能使高溫強度提升,另外從文獻指出在合金當中添加 Cr 亦能使抗氧化能力提升,綜合以上考量設計出本研究之耐火高熵合金 Al0.5Hf0.5Mo0.5NbTaTiZr,微量添加 Si 跟 Cr 探討其對合金性質之影響。 由實驗結果得知,五種鑄造態合金皆為 BCC (BCC1 + BCC2) 之結構,其中添加 Si 之合金有矽化物 (hexagonal結構) 峰值出現,而均質化態合金則為單一 BCC 結構,添加 Si 之合金仍有矽化物的存在;五種鑄造態合金為典型樹枝與樹枝間晶結構,樹枝晶為富 Mo、Nb、Ta 相,樹枝間晶則為富 Al、Hf、Zr 相,添加 Si 之合金在樹枝間晶有共晶矽化物的生成,該矽化物為富 Al、Zr 之矽化物,均質化後,五種合金原本的鑄造態樹枝狀偏析消除形成單一相,整體來說均質化後固溶強化效應更加明顯使得合金硬度提升,添加Si的合金仍有矽化物的存在且矽化物有粗化及球化的現象,而矽化物的粗化使得合金抵抗塑性變形能力下降讓均質化態合金硬度上升幅度較小;強度方面,Cr 與 Si 的添加皆使常溫降伏強度上升,但 Cr 添加不利於合金常溫延性;Si 添加則對合金常溫延性影響不大,到了高溫 (大於700 °C) 時,Cr 的添加使合金高溫軟化較為明顯,Si 的添加則因產生矽化物能提供合金的高溫強度;高溫抗氧化方面,Cr 的添加對於合金抗氧化能力無明顯幫助,Si 的添加則略微改善合金抗氧化能力,整體而言,合金於高溫 (大於 1100 °C) 時,因各元素相互競爭與氧結合無法形成緻密氧化層使得高溫抗氧化能力不佳。 綜合來看,(Al0.5Hf0.5Mo0.5NbTaTiZr)97Si3 的室溫及高溫強度、高溫抗氧化能力在本研究中有最佳之表現,其中高溫強度方面(Al0.5Hf0.5Mo0.5NbTaTiZr)97Si3 與商用單晶鎳基超合金 CMSX-4 表現可相互匹敵,具有高溫應用的潛力。

關鍵字

高熵合金 耐火材料

並列摘要


The concept of high-entropy alloy has received lots of attention and research since 2004. Air Force Research Laboratory first reported refractory high-entropy alloy NbTaMoW and VNbTaMoW based on this concept in 2010. VNbTaMoW has high compressive yield strength of 1246 MPa at room temperature and excellent compressive yield strength of 477 MPa at 1600 °C, but has poor room-temperature ductility and much higher density. Afterwards, they reported new refractory high-entropy alloy HfNbTaTiZr with excellent ductility at room temperature and lower density. But, this alloy has poor oxidation resistance and low high-temperature strength. In order to overcome these drawbacks, our laboratory developed new compositions based on HfNbTaTiZr in recent years. From the previous studies in our laboratory, we found the addition of Al and Si in HfNbTaTiZr can effectively enhance high-temperature oxidation resistance and the addition of Mo can improve high-temperature strength. So, refractory high-entropy alloy Al0.5Hf0.5Mo0.5NbTaTiZr is designed in this study. Besides, the addition of Cr and Si to this new alloy will also be studied to see their effects on microstructure, mechanical properties and oxidation resistance. The results show that the addition of Cr can improve the hardness, room-temperature strength but reduce room-temperature ductility and oxidation resistance. On the other hand, the addition of Si improves not only the hardness, room-temperature strength but also high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance without sacrificing the room-temperature ductility. On the whole, (Al0.5Hf0.5Mo0.5NbTaTiZr)97Si3 has the best room- and high-temperature strength, i.e. 1633 MPa at RT and 375 MPa at 1100 °C, and high-temperature oxidation resistance. In addition, the high-temperature strength of this alloy is similar to that of single-crystal Ni-based superalloy CMSX-4 up to 1100 °C. Therefore, this alloy is very promising in high temperature applications.

並列關鍵字

無資料

參考文獻


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