技術市場價值的影響因素探討：技術領先者與技術落後者的比較

What Determines Technological Value in the Global Market?: Comparisons between Technological Leaders and Followers

黃子逹(Tz-Da Huang)

指導教授 ： 胡美智

國立清華大學/科技管理學院/科技管理研究所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

隨著知識經濟時代來臨，知識技術透過國際技術貿易擴散到世界各國之中，加速國家研發創新能量的累積以及提升，進而帶動國家的經濟發展。
從專利申請和獲證專利數量的角度，台灣名列世界前茅。但若從技術貿易的角度來看，台灣因為長年的技術引進，導致面臨嚴重的技術貿易逆差問題。過去歷史發展的背景，造就當今全球技術貿易輸出以及貿易輸入國家的分布，而國家的政策以及產業的發展策略，決定了國家技術貿易收入以及支出的變動。
故我想要研究影響技術落後者和技術領先者的技術貿易淨額變動的因素為何？影響技術落後者和技術領先者的技術貿易收入額與支出額變動的因素又為何？
本研究藉由建立迴歸模型來分析科技體制 (Technological Regimes)、社會能力 (Social Capability) 與技術貿易額 (Technology Balance of Payments) 之間的關係，並採用Lee, Keun (2010) 的研究架構作為科技體制 (Technological Regimes) 的變數架構，再額外放入社會能力 (Social Capability)，對國家技術貿易額的變動做更完整的探討，並且使用美國專利局（United States Patent and Trademark Office）的專利資料以及專利引證資料，以及利用世界銀行 (World Bank)、經濟合作與發展組織 (OECD)、亞洲開發銀行 (Asian Development Bank) 來作為變數資料的基礎。
經過迴歸分析，本研究發現國家對於技術的累積與保護投入的努力更多時，有助於技術領先者與技術落後者的技術貿易淨額的增加，而國家內部的人均所得以及大學研究費用投入的資源更多時，也有助於國家的技術貿易淨額的增加。

關鍵字

技術貿易額 ； 科技體制 ； 社會能力

並列摘要

With the advent of the era of knowledge based economy, international technology trade diffuse the knowledge and technology through to the world. It helped developed country to accelerate the accumulation of the national innovative capacity and reinforce the technological competence, thereby bringing the country's economic development.
From the perspective of the numbers of patent application and certified patents, Taiwan is outstanding than others. But from the perspective of the international technical trade, Taiwan faced serious trade deflects because of importing the technologies from leading countries. Due to the historical development in the past, the countries can be classified according to the condition of the technical trade. Different national development strategies and industrial development policy of the Technologies importing countries and Technology exporting countries determine the changes of the technology balance of payments.
I want to study what were the determinants affecting the changes of technology balance of payments for the Technological leaders and Technological followes? Furthermore, I want to study were the determinants affecting the changes of national technological receipts and payments?
I build a regression model to analyze the relationship between the Technological regimes, social capability and technology balance of payments. I use the research framework from the research made by Lee, Keun (2010), and add social capability as another factor to discuss the changes of the balance of payments. And use the patent date and patent citation from U.S. Patent Office (United Stated Patents and Trademark Offices) to calculate technological regimes. And I also use the data from World Bank, OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development), Asian Development Bank as research data to definitie social capability and technology balance of paymenys.
After the regression analysis, I found that countries whcih accumulate more patent and have more Appropriability in their innovation output will increase their technology receipts. And when the GDP per Capita is more and the countries invest more expense in universities research, the tecnnology of payments will be better than the past.

並列關鍵字

Technology balance of payments ； Technological Regimes ； Social Capability

參考文獻

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(3) Abramovitz, Mose. 1991, The Elements of Social Capability. Economic Growth and Social Capability.