自美國專利改革趨勢論我國專利侵權損害賠償之認定

The Determination of Patent Infringement Compensation in Taiwan in Perspective of US Patent Reform Trend

施志遠(Chih-Yuan Shih)

指導教授 ： 范建得

國立清華大學/科技管理學院/科技法律研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2009.00484

摘要

隨著知識經濟時代的來臨，有關智慧財產權之管理與對因智慧財產權所衍生之訴訟紛爭因應之道，對企業而言越形重要。專利權不但使企業可以保護其新技術、新產品，還能為企業帶來極大的經濟利益，也因此專利管理及專利訴訟成為企業在擴張事業版圖、打擊競爭對手中重要之一環。尤以在我國於2003年廢除專利之刑罰化後，探討專利之民事訴訟救濟途徑便越具其實益，從而如何在民事訴訟救濟程序中決定專利損害賠償之認定便形成為一關鍵且核心之問題。

近年來，美國陸續提出專利改革法案以期針對專利品質之改善、專利申請程序之簡便化、降低專利訴訟成本以及促進專利制度與國際有接軌而為努力，其中針對損害賠償以及惡意侵權部分，亦有所著墨而為變革。

因此，本文藉由實證法學分析以及比較法學之方法論，來審視我國過往實務(我國各地地方法院1999年8月1日至2009年4月30日)對於專利權人之保障是否足夠，並藉此分析我國實務對於專利侵權損害賠償之範圍及審理之態度是否有何種趨勢可探知，是以，本文將針對甫成立之智慧財產法院在後續處理專利侵權訴訟時得斟酌採行的調整方向提出建議，其中又以如何擺脫傳統上較為保守之態度，以適度減輕專利權人之舉證責任最為本文所強調。

此外，本文亦同時檢討我國現行專利法85條關於專利侵權損害賠償之規定是否有其修正之必要，尤其對於合理權利金是否增訂、懲罰性損害賠償是否廢除等議題，本文皆有所討論，並提出修法方向之建議以為各界參酌。

關鍵字

專利改革法案 ； 專利侵權 ； 實證研究 ； 合理權利金 ； 所失利益 ； 懲罰性損害賠償

並列摘要

Envisioning the incoming era of knowledge-based economy, it’s been the major concerns of an enterprise in regard to the intellectual property right (IPR) management and the way to handle the IPR litigation issues. In additional to its function in enabling an enterprise’s protection of a new technology and/or a new product, patent right also bring to the enterprise significant amount of economic benefits. Therefore, patent management and patent litigation turn out to be an un-separate part of policy regarding an enterprise’s expansion and its strategy in meeting the rival competition. Ever since the discrimination of patent infringement in 2003, the study on civil remedies for the infringement has gained and/or increased its merits. In turns, the determination concerning the patent Infringement compensation pending the civil procedure has become a crucial core issue.

In recent years, several draft bills and/or amendments of United State Patent Reform Act were proposed aiming to improve patent quality, simplify patent litigation procedure, reduce litigation cost and enhance international homogenization. Amongst these efforts, the compensation and willful infringement were included.

In line with the approaches of empirical and comparative study, this thesis sets out to review on the judicial practices (between August 1, 1999 and April 30, 2009) regarding the perfection in patent right owner protection; also to find out whether or not there was an identifiable trend of the practices relating to the determination of the scope of damages and trial practices. Hence, this author tries to propose on some suggestion relating to the possible direction of alignment for IP Court’s consideration in its future trial practices, especially the urge of IP court’s deviation from traditional and conservative attitude in releasing the degree of a patent owner’s burden of proof.

In additions, this thesis also takes the provision of compensation provided by Article 85 of Taiwan Patent Act (amended, February 6, 2003) into consideration and tries to figure out the necessity for an amendment, or not. The study was mainly placed on the possible inclusion of reasonable royalty, the abolishment of punitive damages, and etc. In the end, a possible amendment direction for Article 85 in this regard will be proposed for further comments.

並列關鍵字

Patent Reform Act ； Patent Infringement ； Empirical Study ； Reasonable Royalty ； Lost Profits ； Punitive Damages

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