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  • 學位論文

局部性感知無線感測器作業系統:針對無線感測器網路之局部性事件的自我調適

Locality-aware TinyOS: Self-adaptation to Locality Events in Wireless Sensor Networks

指導教授 : 黃泰一

摘要


無線感測器網路應用日益普遍,感測器被怖建來觀察環境並捕捉各種異常事件。異常事件並不常發生。然而,異常事件一旦發生,它往往帶有時間和空間上的局部性(locality)。時間上的局部性,就是當此事件一旦發生,在未來這段時間此事件也很可能在持續發生,如:火警一旦發生,火警事件將持續燃燒一陣子,另外,火勢也將蔓延,也因此在空間上此事件也有個局部性的發生。為了提供對異常事件更好的觀察,偵測事件的工作週期應該要被縮短,以更頻繁的頻率觀察環境。一個工作會針對它的時間或空間上的局部性,去自動做些適應調整,如:縮短工作週期,我們稱此為具有局部性感知工作(locality-aware task)。 在這篇論文中,我們提出了局部性感知作業系統(Locality-aware TinyOS),這是目前無線感測器網路裡頭第一個支援局部性感知特性的作業系統。我們將局部性感知所需具備的功能,寫在原本的TinyOS核心元件裡頭,來提供較穩定和有效率的平台框架給應用程式開發者來發展局部性感知工作。比起TinyOS,它可以減少應用程式開發者所需寫的程式達80%以上。而我們在快閃記憶體和動態記憶體的使用量上,都與原本的TinyOS相差不多。 最後,我們實際在二十多顆micaZ無線感測器平台搭配我們的局部性感知作業系統,在上面發展了一個環境觀察的應用,並且實際怖建此應用平台在清華大學的圖書館裡頭,來偵測吵鬧事件。

關鍵字

無線感測器 局部性

並列摘要


A number of WSN (wireless sensor networks) applications have been deployed to periodically monitor the environment and catch any anomaly event.Anomaly events are defined to occur rarely.However, when an anomaly event occurs, it often carries temporal and spacial locality. The temporal locality of an event indicates that it is likely to continue on for some time once detected. The spacial locality implies that this event is likely to be detected by neighboring nodes shortly.To provide better observation on an anomaly event, the period of a task that detects this event should be reduced to monitor the environment more frequently. We call a task a locality-aware task if it supports temporal and spacial locality to automatically adjust its period. In this paper, we propose and implement Locality-aware TinyOS or LA-TinyOS to be the first locality-aware WSN operating system. By embedding locality-aware features in a kernel component, LA-TinyOS provides a more reliable and efficient framework to develop locality-aware tasks.Compared to TinyOS, our LA-TinyOS reduces the lines of code in such a task by more than 80%.Both TinyOS and LA-TinyOS consume similar amount of RAM memory while LA-TinyOS uses less flash memory. Finally, we use LA-TinyOS to implement a locality-aware monitoring application using two dozens of micaZ sensors. This application is currently deployed in the public library of our university to report any occurrence of noisy students.

並列關鍵字

無資料

參考文獻


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