鋅取代鈣矽酸鹽之新式骨水泥研究

Novel Zn Substituted Calcium Silicate Bone Cement

牛曰舜(Yue-Shun Niu)

指導教授 ： 金重勳 ； 鍾仁傑

國立清華大學/工學院/材料科學工程學系/碩士(2007年)

摘要

三鈣矽酸鹽C3S (3CaO•SiO2)是工業用波特蘭水泥的主要成分之一，具有水泥的自固化特性，我們以固相反應法合成C3S，並在添加可抑止細菌繁殖且穩定C3S結構之ZnO，得到ZnxCa(3-x)SiO5的合成物，將粉末混合NaH2PO4溶液及膠原蛋白(collagen)製成無機系骨水泥，並做各項機性與生物方面的測試並討論之。
由X-ray鑑定得知添加ZnO後可減少CaO的析出，但過量的添加會導致ZnO雜相的殘留。後續實驗採用Zn0.25Ca2.75SiO5粉末作為骨水泥的主要原料，以10wt% NaH2PO4做為混合溶液以調製適當之pH值(9~10)，此骨泥配方操作時間為30分鐘，固化時間為90分鐘。之後並嚐試在粉末中混合少量的膠原蛋白(1wt%)，結果顯示水合反應將稍微延遲使得初期壓縮強度稍稍降低(由30MPa降為10MPa)；添加了膠原蛋白後，固化時間在適當範圍內，但由於其良好的黏結能力而大幅降低注射能力。在生物實驗方面，添加膠原蛋白延緩固化時間及離子析出，鼠纖維母細胞可直接貼附於材料上，但皮下注射後的骨水泥引起老鼠部分的過敏現象發生。
另外，以製成的粉末混合較大比例之膠原蛋白後，獲得強度佳且具有較好的塑性能力之水泥碇塊，也因為具有初期之特殊黏彈性，其固化時間也相對延緩許多。

關鍵字

波特蘭水泥 ； 三鈣矽酸鹽 ； 氧化鋅 ； 膠原蛋白 ； 壓縮強度 ； 注射度 ； 皮下注射

並列摘要

Abstract
Tricalcium silicate (C3S) is one of the main constituent of industrial Portland cement which exhibits well self-setting ability. In this study we synthesized ZnxCa3-xSiO5 through solid-state reaction methods by adding ZnO, which is able to stabilize the structure of C3S and is anti-bacterial. And then, NaH2PO4 solution and collagen were added to prepare inorganic bone cement mixture. Mechanical and biological examinations were carried out and investigated.
X-ray diffraction results showed that the addition of ZnO was able to reduce the phase separation of CaO, however, over addition led to ZnO impure phase. Zn0.25Ca2.75SiO5 was adapted for further studied. Bone cement mixed by NaH2PO4 solution had proper pH value (9~10), 30 minutes working time and 90 minutes setting time. Small amount collagen added mixture (1wt%) had lower early stage strength (10MPa) and longer setting time. The binding ability of collagen led the cement to having poor injection ability. As to the biological tests, added collagen would retard the releasing of ions. L929 fibroblast would attach onto the set materials directly, however hypodermic reactions were observed in the mice subcutaneous tests.
Mixtures with large amount collagen (weight ratio of powder to collagen is from 5 to 1) were well deformable and had excellent mechanical strength after longer time setting. Their unique transitions of viscoelasticity property during the setting processes were worthy for further studies.
Keyword: Portland cement, Tricalcium silicate (C3S), zinc oxide, collagen, compressive strength, injection ability, subcutaneous tests

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