以顧客需求為導向之電腦輔助產品變異設計

Computer-Aided Product Variant Design based on Customer Requirements

張愷臨(Kae-Lin Chang)

指導教授 ： 瞿志行

國立清華大學/工學院/工業工程與工程管理學系/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2007.00647

摘要

即時上市與產品生命週期管理為新產品開發成功的關鍵，而產品生命週期管理始於概念設計階段的模糊前端顧客需求，又概念設計階段的決策對後端生產製造的影響極大。本研究旨於修正品質機能展開與形態圖分析方法的缺失，藉以建構基於顧客需求之電腦輔助概念設計工具，協助設計初學者快速產生符合顧客需求之變異性產品設計，有效提高產品設計的時程以達到即時上市之目的。主要提出一項三合一單步驟品質機能展開(One-Step QFD: 3*HOQ)，分別由行銷人員、設計人員與製造人員，同步以三個獨立的品質屋直接連結顧客需求與產品功能、產品規格與功能模組，降低瀑布式展開過程中發生失真的機率，同時減少實作時間與成本。此外利用其分析結果，確立零件資料庫中與顧客需求相關之實體零件，產生對應之三維形態圖，並以此為基建立MVC架構之三維產品參考平台，傳遞納入顧客需求的設計知識，可線上即時顯示零件散裝之視覺化結果。最後經由具工業設計背景學生參與的實驗，以變異性電腦滑鼠概念設計為測試目的，驗證上述產品參考平台之效能，實驗組同學使用平台後可於相同時間內，較對照組產生更多符合顧客需求的設計草圖，且全數符合可製造性。於產品生命週期管理應用上，則以B2B商業模型作業的延伸應用情境為例，顯示該平台可有效促成產品資訊的溝通以節省人力與不必要的會議，即時提供多樣化的變異性產品設計方案與報價，同時提高使用既有零件與模組的機會以降低製造成本。本研究首創以顧客需求為導向之電腦輔助產品變異設計，並成功地透過具體實驗與延伸應用驗證其實際效用與實用價值。

關鍵字

新產品開發 ； 顧客需求 ； 品質機能展開 ； 形態圖 ； 產品變異設計

並列摘要

High quality, low cost, and time-to-market are three key factors in new product development. They not only require excellent marketing strategy, design capability, and manufacturing technology, but also depend on good information management in a product life cycle. This research proposes a new method, One-Step QFD: 3*HOQ, to overcome the deficiency of QFD practices in new product development. In the method, marketing people, design engineers, and manufacturing staff concurrently work together on linking customer requirements to product functions, product specifications, and functional modules, thus reducing misalignment between the cascade process between HOQ’s and lowering the complexity of implementing traditional QFD. A customer-oriented 3D morphological chart is then constructed with the part models more correlated to the customer requirements which have been identified by the new QFD method. This online morphological chart works as a computer-aided tool for conceptual design of simple variant products. A prototype software system id implemented based on the MVC structure. Conceptual design experimentation is conducted with the system to verify its effectiveness. In the experiment, a group of industrial design students generate design alternatives for sketches of computer mouse with the aid of this tool, while the other group performs the same task without it. The result shows that the first group outperforms the second one by producing more sketches that all fulfill manufacturability of the product. In addition, a scenario of B2B business operation demonstrates that the morphological chart facilitates product information dissemination in a product life cycle.

並列關鍵字

new product development ； customer requirements ； quality function deployment ； morphological chart ； product variant design

參考文獻

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