建構國軍直升機地面作業安全關鍵因素之研究

國際機場為國家重要門面，隨著航空運輸量的增長，地安事件頻傳嚴重影響國際形象，加上近年來中小型直升機數量增加，更提高地面作業的複雜程度，因此為杜絕地安事件發生，找出影響直升機地面作業安全之關鍵因素，本研究利用德爾菲法建構出直升機地面作業安全關鍵因素之架構，並應用以決策實驗室法之網路分析程序法確定其關鍵因素，依據關鍵因素繪製出網絡圖，瞭解影響關聯性及重要程度。研究結果發現，「漠視安全規定」及「欠缺標準作業程序」兩者相互影響，並依據數據分析找出「不遵照標準作業程序」、「漠視安全規定」、「人力不足」、「注意力不集中」、「操作不當」、「不當使用」、「欠缺標準作業程序」與「不充分的督導」為直升機地面作業安全之關鍵因素，透過重要性–績效分析法的結果及工作實務經驗認為「漠視安全規定」較適合做為出發點，顯示確保直升機地面作業安全應由「漠視安全規定」開始著手進行建構，當成功扭轉作業人員「漠視安全規定」之觀念，則可消泯1.「不遵照標準作業程序」、2.「注意力不集中」、3.「操作不當」、4.「不當使用」、5.「未充足之教育訓練」、6.「人力不足」、7.「不充分的督導」等問題。最後，根據研究結果提出具體管理意涵與相關建議供國軍各級航空部隊參考運用，由於本研究範圍多以陸軍直升機部隊為主，過程中具有一定的限制與不足之處，建議後續研究者擴大研究範圍，從多面向探討國軍航空部隊地面作業安全，以厚實國防軟實力。

關鍵字

地面安全；直升機；德爾菲法；以決策實驗室法為基礎之網路程序分析法；重要性-績效分析法

並列摘要

The International Airport is an important facade of the country. With the growth of air traffic, the frequent occurrence of Ground safety incidents has seriously affected the international image. In addition, the number of small and medium-sized helicopters has increased in recent years, which has increased the complexity of ground operations. Therefore, in order to eliminate the occurrence of Ground safety incidents and find out the key factors affecting the safety of helicopter ground operation, this study uses Delphi method to construct the helicopter ground operation The framework of the key factors of industrial safety is determined by DEMATEL-Based ANP, and the network diagram is drawn according to the key factors to understand the relevance and importance of these factors. According to the data analysis, it was found that "ignoring safety regulations" and "lack of standard operating procedures" interacted. According to the data analysis, it was found that "disobeying standard operating procedures", "ignoring safety regulations", "lack of manpower", "inattention", "improper operation", "improper use", "lack of standard operating procedures" and "insufficient supervision" were identified as helicopters Based on the results of the importance performance analysis and practical experience, it is considered that "Disregard of safety regulations" is more suitable as the starting point to ensure the safety of helicopter ground operation, which indicates that the construction of "ignoring safety regulations" should start from "ignoring safety regulations". When the concept of "ignoring safety regulations" is successfully reversed, the concept of "ignoring safety regulations" can be eliminated. 1 Problems such as operation procedure, 2. Inattention, 3. Improper operation, 4. Improper use, 5. Insufficient education and training, 6. Insufficient manpower, 7. Inadequate supervision. Finally, according to the results of the study, the specific management implications and related suggestions for the Taiwan army at all levels of aviation forces reference use, because the scope of this study is mainly army helicopter units, the process has certain limitations and shortcomings, it is suggested that the follow-up researchers to expand the scope of research, from multi-facetothe to explore the national military aviation forces ground operation security, to thick defense soft power.