我國長期照護法制比較研究-以老人安養照顧為核心

The Comparative Research of Long-Term Care Law in Taiwan–Focus on Nursing Care for the Elderly

吳瓊燕(Chiung-Yen Wu)

指導教授 ： 史慶璞

中原大學/法學院/財經法律研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201600337

摘要

面對少子女化的浪潮、高齡化的衝擊，各級政府決策者、非營利組織與私人企業部門，均對長期照護制度、長期照護機構、社會福利政策、長期照護服務措施等計劃方案的制定執行具有共同責任，民國124年時，台灣25歲以下人口將只剩下約1041580人，60歲以上的人口將高達800萬人，老人長期照護問題是全球共同面臨的警訊，美國透過立法及提供預算改善國內長期照護機構和照護品質及安全；聯合國大會在1991年提出「聯合國老人綱領」，另於1992年提出「聯合國老人原則」，確定老人應在獨立、參與、照護、自我實現及尊嚴五個面向，獲得保障。
我國長期照護相關制度已經逐步修法立案，在建立完善的長期照護制度的同時，我們也須釐清長期照護制度建構的必要性與規範基礎、基本目標與核心價值理念，以及長期照護法律規範之核心內涵與原理，時至今日有關機構服務品質議題的研究，尚少研究者加以研究，期望本研究可以增添文獻的數量，因此本文研究以「長期照護」為探討核心，透過長期照護制度、長期照護機構管理、長期照護資源等面向探討台灣「長期照護法之理念與規範目的及內涵」，進一步瞭解與分析有關長期照護制度的問題，本文將以人口結構、老人安養權利、長期照護制度發展背景、長期照護機構發展情形、長期照護政策、長期照護法規、老人福利保護法，病人自主權利法等作為研究範圍，並從長期制度法規切入分析有關人口結構、老人安養照護、長期照護法規政策，並藉由與外國法規之比較，吸收外國長期照護法之長處，以期日後提供台灣政府建立長期照護法之參考與建議。

關鍵字

人口結構 ； 少子女化 ； 高齡化 ； 老人安養權利 ； 醫療權 ； 科學權 ； 醫學倫理 ； 老年安養模式 ； 長期照護產業體系 ； 稅賦制 ； 保險制 ； 可行性評估 ； 長期照護師 ； O2O模式 ； SOC理論

並列摘要

Faced with the impact of the declining birthrate and aging population, Policy makers at all levels of government, non-profit organizations and the private business sector, both for the development of the implementation of long-term care system, long-term care facilities, social welfare policy, long-term care service plan for the measures have a common responsibility, When the Republic of China 124 years, Taiwan 25 years of age population only about 1,041,580 people, the population aged over 60 will reach 800 million people, the elderly long-term care issues facing the global warning, United States to improve the domestic long-term care facilities and the quality of care and safety through legislation and provide budget; the United Nations General Assembly, "the United Nations for the elderly Programme" in 1991, another proposed "United Nations Principles for Older Persons" in 1992, identified the elderly should be independence, participation, care, self-fulfillment and dignity for five, are protected.
Our long-term care related systems have been gradually amending the law filed in the establishment of a sound long-term care system at the same time, we must also clarify the necessity and normative basis for long-term care system construction, the core content of the basic objectives and core values and long-term care laws and regulations of the and principle, to date research agencies service quality issues, still less to study researchers, this study can add the desired amount of literature, this paper study "long Term care" as the kernel, through long-term care system, long-term care facilities management, long-term care and other resources for the reform of Taiwan, "according to a long-term concept and specification of the purpose of law enforcement and the connotation of" to better understand and analyze problems related to long-term care system, this article will be the population structure, the elderly nursing rights, long-term care system development background, long-term care facilities development situation, long-term care policy, long-term care regulations, welfare for the elderly protection Act, patient autonomy rights law, etc., as the study, and cut the long-term institutional regulatory analysis of the population structure, the elderly nursing care, long-term care regulations and policies, and by comparison with foreign laws and regulations, the strengths of the absorption of foreign long-term according to law enforcement, in order to provide the government of Taiwan to establish long-term according to law enforcement after the date of reference and recommendations.
Keywords: population structure, low birth rate, aging, elderly nursing rights, the right to health, right to science, medicine, ethics, elderly nursing model, long-term care industry system, tax system, insurance system, feasibility assessment, long-term care division , O2O mode, SOC theory.

並列關鍵字

population structure ； low birth rate ； aging ； elderly nursing rights ； the right to health ； right to science ； medicine ； ethics ； elderly nursing model ； long-term care industry system ； tax system ； insurance system ； feasibility assessment ； long-term care division ； O2O mode ； SOC theory

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