企業競爭策略與創新領域配適對企業競爭力之相關研究

The Study of Business Competitiveness－Influenced by the Fitting between Business Competitive Strategy and Innovation Field

張根榮(Ken-Jung Chang)

指導教授 ： 謝龍發

中原大學/商學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2001年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200100209

摘要

論文摘要
企業在面臨全球化的競爭環境之下，越發的重視產品與服務的品質與效率，而在知識經濟時代中，「創新」即是企業提升競爭力的關鍵因素。從熊彼得(Schumpeter)提出「創新」的觀念至今，曾有許多的學者為這個名詞下過定義，但是對組織而言，所謂的創新不僅僅是指技術或產品的創新，還包括了流程、策略、組織體系等，舉凡企業經營活動的內容都含蓋在內，所以創新可以說是任何層面的新奇表現。
本研究嘗試以Michael E. Porter(1980)競爭策略的理論模式，與創新活動的範疇加以配適，探討在「內在因素」－創新能力與「外在因素」－創造力工作環境配合的情況之下，企業所採用的競爭策略與創新領域配適的策略類型對企業競爭力之間的影響。繼而選擇適當的配適策略，並建立所需的內外環境因素，以達到提升企業競爭力的目的。
在本研究中以持續進行創新活動的國內資訊電子相關產業為研究對象，共寄出655份問卷，回收有效問卷81份，經由統計方法整理分析後，歸納出數點重要的實證結論如下：
1. 研究結果顯示不同的競爭策略與創新領域配適策略類型會有不同的企業競爭力，表示本研究的主要論點獲得支持。
2. 接著，在加入創新能力與創造力工作環境兩中介變項後，本研究獲得以下結論：
(1)競爭策略與創新領域配適策略類型、創新能力與企業競爭力之間的關係
A.獨特技術配合學習能力，具有較佳的企業競爭力。
B.低成本營運配合技術能力，具有較佳的企業競爭力。
C.市場導向與多元化配合管理能力，並沒有明顯較佳的企業競爭力。
(2)競爭策略與創新領域配適策略類型、創造力工作環境與企業競爭力之間的關係
A.在創新領域廣者對於配合創造力工作環境的情況，會比在創新領域窄者，具有較佳的企業競爭力。
B.採用差異化導向且配合創造力工作環境時，不一定會比採用低成本導向者，有較佳的企業競爭力

關鍵字

創新能力 ； 創造力工作環境 ； 企業競爭力 ； 企業競爭策略

並列摘要

Abstract
In the worldwide competitive environment, businesses will pay more attention to the quality and efficiency of products and services. And in the knowledge-based economy, the innovation is the key factor when businesses try to upgrade their competitive capabilities. There are so many definitions of innovation made by scholars since the idea of innovation first took up by Dr. Schumpeter, but for organizations the meaning of innovation is not only including the innovation of technologies and products but also including the innovation of processes, strategies, organizational structures etc. We may say that the innovation includes the creative activities of all levels.
This research tries to match the competitive strategy framework of Michael E. Porter(1880) with the field of innovative activities. It explores the strategy types making from this match, and it also explores the relationships between these types adopted by businesses in accordance with the internal factor (the innovative capability) and the external factor (the work environment for creativity) with the business competitiveness. So that businesses can choose the adaptive strategy types, and can promote their competitive advantages.
The main research objects are the businesses of the Information & Electronic Industries those have to do innovative activities continually to maintain their niches and to promote their competitive advantages. We mailed 655 questionnaires and received 81 valid questionnaires. After a series of analysis, we generalize some important conclusions as below:
1. The results reveal that the businesses belong to the different strategy types of fitting between the competitive strategies and the innovation fields have different business competitiveness. And this supports the main thesis of this research.
2. After adding two variables, “types of innovative capability” and “types of work environment for creativity”, we have made some conclusions as below:
(1) The relationships within the strategy types of fitting between the competitive strategies and the innovation fields, the innovative capability and the business competitiveness.
a.The businesses of strategy type of peculiar technology match with higher learning capability will have greater business competitiveness.
b.The businesses of strategy type of cost leadership match with higher technology capability will have greater business competitiveness.
c.The businesses of strategy type of market-oriented match with higher managing capability will not evidently have greater business competitiveness, neither are the businesses of strategy type of diversification.
(2) The relationships within the strategy types of fitting between the competitive strategies and the innovation fields, the work environment for creativity and the business competitiveness.
a.The businesses of wider innovation field match with the work environment for creativity will have greater business competitiveness than the businesses of narrower innovation field do.
b.The businesses of differentiation strategy match with the work environment for creativity will not evidently have greater business competitiveness than the businesses of low-cost strategy do.

並列關鍵字

Business Competitiveness ； Business Competitive Strategy ； Innovation Capability ； work environment for creativity

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