董事信託義務之研究－－以注意義務為中心

An Analysis of Director's Fiduciary Duty--Focusing on Duty of Care

許復欣(Fu-Xin Xu)

指導教授 ： 楊竹生

中原大學/商學院/財經法律研究所/碩士(2001年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200100142

摘要

按美國法制，其以董事信託義務作為董事之行為規範，而構成公司管制之磐石。相較於我國相關董事規範之不足，美國之法制實有值得我國參考借鏡之處。本文主要係由下列六章構成：
第一章、序論
首先說明本論文撰寫之動機及採用之研究方法，再者對於本論文之研究範圍加以界定，並稍加說明各章節之內容。

第二章、我國之股份有限公司與董事
本章先就我國股份有限公司之結構、董事之地位作一闡述，嗣就董事權利義務體系以及違反義務時之責任作一探討，俾於下章論述美國董事信託義務時，可供對照比較並檢討。

第三章、董事之信託義務
因董事信託義務起源於典型之信託，早先英美法制即透過信託理論，將董事視為公司之受託人，使其成為類似信託受託人屬性之人，而負信託義務。本章即依序介紹信託、信託關係、董事信託義務，並於本章末節探討我國有無董事信託義務之明文規定。

第四章、注意義務
由於國內就董事信託義務之探討，甚少著墨於注意義務上，因此，本章特就董事之注意義務詳加論述，並以此構成本論文之重心。除了注意義務之定義、董事之歸責標準外，有關銀行董事之注意義務、信賴與授權，以及保護董事之法律亦一併加以說明。

第五章、經營判斷原則
董事信託義務係一法律之手段，其旨在確保董事之行為係謀求公司之最佳利益。惟公司之管制如過於嚴苛，反將不利於董事的決策判斷，故經營判斷原則乃應運而生。本章依序介紹經營判斷原則之定義、沿革發展、功能、目的、要件、法制化，以及其與各相關原則間之關係。最後，並評估經營判斷原則引進於我國法制之可行性。

第六章、結論
陳述本文之結論，以及外國制度引進時，應有之思考之道。

關鍵字

經營判斷原則 ； 注意義務 ； 信託義務 ； 忠實義務

並列摘要

In accordance with the laws of the United States, the conducts of the corporate directors should be regulated by the fiduciary duty, which constitute the bedrock of corporation governance. Compared to the lacks of relevant statutes about standards of director’s conducts in our corporation law, American’s legal system is worth of our consulting and emulating. This thesis is primarily composed of six chapters as follows:

Chapter 1. Introduction
The first chapter illustrates the incentives for writing this thesis and the methodologies adopted in this thesis. In addition, this chapter defines the realms of this thesis and briefly describes the contents of the relevant chapters.

Chapter 2. The Ltd. and directors in Taiwan
This chapter starts to present the corporation structure and the director status of the limited liability company in Taiwan. Then we proceed to discuss the framework of director’s rights and duties. Also explored is the director’s personal liability when breaching directorial duty. By doing so, we build a connection with next chapter from a comparative legal point of view under the U.S. and Taiwan regulatory regime.

Chapter 3. The director’s fiduciary duty
The fiduciary duty of corporate director was originated from the trust theory. In the Anglo-American legal system, base on the trust theory, directors of the corporations are deemed the trustees of the corporations and consequently assumed the fiduciary duty of the trustees. Accordingly, this chapter states trust, fiduciary relation, and director’s fiduciary duty in turn. Finally, we discuss whether we have any explicit statutes of the director’s fiduciary duty in Taiwan.

Chapter 4. Duty of care
Since only a few articles discussed the duty of care in Taiwan, this chapter especially emphasizes the duty of care of the corporate directors. Besides definition of duty of care, the standard of culpability for the imposition of liability, bank director’s duty of care, reliance, delegation, and statutes for protecting directors are also included in the chapter.

Chapter 5 Business judgment rule
The director’s fiduciary duty is a legal scheme to make sure that director’s conducts are for the best interests of their corporations. Nonetheless, the negative effects occur, if the duty is so strict that limits the directors' business decisions. As a result, the business judgment rule was developed to protect reasonable business decision of the corporate directors. According to priority, this chapter expounds the definition, the course of change and development of the business judgment rule, its functions, elements, and the relation between business judgment rule and relevant rules. Finally, we estimate the feasibility of introduction of business judgment rule in Taiwan.

Chapter 6. Conclusion
The final chapter presents conclusion of this thesis and provides precautions we should take regarding adoption of foreign legal system.

並列關鍵字

fiduciary duty ； business judgment rule ； duyt of care ； duyt of loylaty

參考文獻

※ 國際金融貿易大辭典，中華徵信所企業股份有限公司，增修訂二版。

※ 王文宇，信託法原理與商業信託法制，臺大法學論叢，第29卷第2期。

※ 王文宇，公司與企業法制，2000年5月初版。

※ Robert Cooter and Bradley J. Freedman, The Fiduciary Relationship: Its Economic Character and Legal Consequences, 66 N.Y.U.L. Rev. 1045（1991）.

※ 王文宇，信託法原理與信託業法制，月旦法學雜誌，2000年10月第65期。