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  • 學位論文

日治時期(1895~1945)新竹地區城鄉與建築發展

THE DEVELOPMENT OF CITY ARCHITECTURE IN THE HSINCHU AREA DURING THE JAPANESE GOVERNANCE (1895-1945) OF TAIWAN

指導教授 : 黃俊銘
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摘要


論文摘要 日治時期殖民政府為有效地掌控、引領殖民地台灣朝向近代化發展,除致力於:市街地公共衛生設施建設、道路交通整治、產業資源復甦……等殖民政策的施行外;亦引進歐美近代都市計劃觀念,進而改變了台灣傳統都市與聚落型態之空間,並為今日新竹地區城鄉發展奠定了基礎 本論文以探討日治時期(西元1895~1945年)新竹地區城鄉與建築發展為主軸,將其劃分為前、後兩期,企圖描繪各時期新竹地區都市與建築之建設發展。此外亦針對屯仔腳地震對新竹地區城鄉與建築之影響做一詳盡地說明 一、日治初期承續清領時期的城市與建築(西元1895~1919年): 日治初期新竹地區之城鄉與建築尚位於積極建制近代化設施的初步階段,其城鄉與建築以舊有市街、聚落空間組織為基調,輔以殖民地政策緩步踏入轉化過程。 二、日治後期新興發展的城市與建築(西元1919~1945年): 由於新竹地區自然資源豐沛,促使殖民政府積極開發其州下產業發展,其產業結構由於殖民地經濟政策、世界潮流及其自身優勢,因而產業由農業轉化為工業。綜觀日治後期新竹地區的城鄉與建築,已呈現新興發展的潛力,不管在交通設施、水利系統、市區建設、產業發展……等各方面,都具備近代化設施。 三、屯仔腳大地震對新竹地區的影響: 此災禍促使總督府正視建築法規、建築管理及監督的不完善,進而建制完善的家屋建築規則;並進一步有效地執行建築物取締、設定耐震構造限制及都市防災及避難的觀念。新竹地區之北埔街、竹東街亦藉由此次災禍,獲取實施市區計劃之機會。震災後殖民政府藉由新型營建體系,利用機器大量生產的磚塊、鋼筋混泥土、鋼骨等新式建築材料與施工技術進行營造。致使新竹地區城鄉與建築呈現另一種新興、近代化風貌。

關鍵字

都市 新竹 日治時期 建築

並列摘要


Thesis Summary In order for the Japanese colonial government to effectively control Taiwan, they carried out schemes for the modernization and development of the colonized country. Apart from being devoted to the implementation of the colonial policies of the establishment of public hygiene facilities in the city’s streets, the renovation of roads, and the resuscitation of industrial resources, they also ushered in modern big city planning concepts originating from Europe and the United States. Following on from this, they changed the shape of Taiwan’s traditional big cities and towns. These reforms acted as the basis for the present day development in the Hsinchu area. The main body of this thesis consists of an inquiry into the development of city architecture in the Hsinchu area during the time that the Japanese governed Taiwan (1895-1945). These years will be divided into former and later periods. An attempt will be made to describe the construction and development that occurred within the Hsinchu area during these periods. Besides, a detailed explanation into the influence the 1935 Hsinchu-Taichung earthquake had on the city architecture will also be made. 1. The city architecture during the initial period of Japanese governance (1895-1919) at the time of the Ching dynasty: During the initial period of the Japanese governance, the city architecture in the Hsinchu area was still in the early stage of being actively modernized. Taking the old-style streets and township organization as the keynote, the colonial policies slowly brought in a process of transformation. 2. The new and developing city architecture during the later period of the Japanese governance (1919-1945): Due to the presence of plentiful natural resources within the Hsinchu area, the colonial government actively pressed on with state industrial development. Due to colonial economic policies, world trends, and its naturally advantageous position, the work structure was transformed from one of agriculture to one of industry. Making a comprehensive survey of the city architecture in the Hsinchu area during the later period of the Japanese governance, it already presented a great deal of development potential. No matter whether looking at the aspect of infrastructure facilities, the irrigation system, the city construction, or the industrial development, they were all modern facilities. 3. The influence the 1935 Hsinchu-Taichung earthquake had on the Hsinchu area: This disaster forced the governor to face up to dealing with construction laws, and the lack of competent construction management and supervision. Following this, a set of organized construction laws was passed. This included effectively implementing construction bans, setting out the standards for the structure of buildings capable of withstanding earthquakes, and instilling in the city ideas related to disaster prevention and sanctuary. Due to the disaster, Hsinchu’s Peipu Street and Chutong Street gained the opportunity to benefit from some practical city planning. Following the disaster, the colonial government made use of modern construction systems, and machinery for the large-scale production of bricks, reinforced concrete, and steel rods. Furthermore, they made use of modern building techniques for the construction. This led to the city architecture in the Hsinchu area appearing to be new and modern in style.

並列關鍵字

Hsinchu large city Japanese governance architecture.

參考文獻


日治時期基隆港口都市形成歷程之研究 呂月娥
基礎史料文獻:
新竹廳志 新竹廳 西元1910年(M43)新竹廳 台灣分館
新竹要覽(大正05年)新竹出品協會編 西元1917年(T05)台灣分館
新竹州要覽(大正12年)新竹州 西元1923年04月(T12) 台灣分館

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