以「類似技術」建構製造工廠核心製程知識系統之研究

The Research on the Core Knowledge System in a Manufacturing Plant Constructed by Similarity Technology

劉孝平(shiao-ping liu)

指導教授 ： 林震岩

中原大學/商學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2002年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200200200

摘要

知識管理在二十一世紀已成為世界的潮流，組織知識亦躍變成為企業內最重要的資產，在全球化的趨勢中為企業提供競爭力的泉源，而一般研究知識管理系統(Knowledge Management System)，均從企業管理角度，針對KM模型與KM成功因素等問題進行探討，但對於實際存在於製造工廠基層的核心知識管理方法，卻未見相關之研究需進一步加以探討，因任何產品的製造完成不論是傳統工業或高科技產品，均需經由製造過程始能達成目標，在製造業中企業最寶貴的工程製造技術和知識是散佈在產品製造流程的各個工作程序與人員中，企業必須有系統的收集彙總後，始能有效運用、發展與持續企業的競爭力。
對於製造工程的技術知識，自六十年代以前即已嘗試加以收集應用，但因技術與資訊環境的限制難以實際運用，本研究即以具研發性質、多樣少量、間歇型生產型態的中科院「機械總廠」的製程技術知識庫的建置為主軸，在現有網路與作業系統環境下，以最小的成本按下述步驟建構核心製程知識的管理架構與機制：
1.確立製程知識取得、應用、內化、更新的知識管理模式。
2.探討並區分組織內的專業研發製造知識為8類28大項，以利知識盤點與外顯。
3.與作業流程結合規劃設計必要之資料表，建立關連式資料庫，以有效管理組織知識。
4.應用類似理論的概念，建立類似技術並確定組織內類似知識的判斷基準，以進行類似知識的分享。
5.對類似技術與製程知識庫進行驗證與確認其效益。
知識管理重在知識的分享，本研究建立的類似技術及其類似基準判斷因素為「藍圖圖號」、「藍圖名稱」、「材料編號尺寸」，使知識的移轉與分享成為可行，並以一實際個案加以驗證貫串展示整體系統的運作方式，達到製造知識取得、儲存、分享、創新與提昇工廠效率的目的。

關鍵字

知識管理 ； 群組技術 ； 相似移轉 ； 電腦輔助製程規劃 ； 類似技術 ； 製造技術 ； 製造工廠 ； 間歇型生產

並列摘要

Knowledge Management (KM) has become a growing trend in 21th century. The organized knowledge has also become the most important property and the foundation of a competitive corporation. But the general well-known Knowledge Management Systems only focus on the modeling and the factors of a successful KM. Few of them are related to the core information share and management in a factory. All of the products, including low-end and technologies intensive goods, should be produced in a manufacturing plant. To increase the competitiveness of a corporation, the manufacture technologies and knowledge must be collected and organized systematically.

People had tried to collect and use the knowledge related to manufacture technologies in the early 60’s. Unfortunately, the data and information could not be actually applied due to a limitation of computerized information technology. This research is based on the manufacture techniques database in Mechanical Design and Manufacture Center of Chung-Shan Institute of Science & Technology, which has frequent ECPs, mixed production lines and product varieties. In this research, a low-cost, computerized, and networked Knowledge Management System for core manufacture knowledge control is brought out through the following steps :
1. establish a knowledge management model for collection, application, assimilation and renewal;
2. catalog all the techniques in the organization into 8 classes and 28 items in order to clarify the differences;
3. systemize the knowledge by establishing a relational database in order to manage the knowledge effectively;
4. transfer the near knowledge to other departments;
5. verify the benefit of the database.

Knowledge management is based on knowledge sharing. The similarity technology and judgment factors, (“drawing number”, “drawing name” and “material specification”) which are built in this research ensures the workability of knowledge sharing and transfer. An actual case has also been shown in this research to demonstrate the KM operation method. This KMS leads to an effective manufacturing plant by knowledge obtainment, storage, share and innovation.

並列關鍵字

Intermittent Production ； Near Transfer ； GT ； Machining Shop ； CAPP ； Manufacture Technology ； Knowledge Management ； Similarity Technology

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