孩子天空的一朵雲—台北市立師院附設實驗小學「校門變變變」參與式設計及校園營造行動研究

The Cloud of Children's Sky：An Action Research on Participatory Design of “The Gate” In the Elementary School of Taipei Municipal Teacher College

周濟幼(Chi-Yu Chou)

指導教授 ： 喻肇青

中原大學/設計學院/建築研究所/碩士(2002年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200200431

摘要

研究者以環境教育作為校園營造的策略，藉著九年一貫課程的實施，融入校園本位課程，尋找校園內的實際空間環境需求，規劃設計一系列的參與式設計行動，於九十年九月份至九十一年一月份於台北市立師院附設實驗小學進行整學期「校園變變變」的全校性統整課程，讓全校老師及學童藉由課程活動的直接參與，引入參與式設計的情境中，再由插旗子意見收集、校門立體模型設計比賽等活動，找出現況空間中的問題與潛力，對空間重新定義與賦權。
在行動過程中運用由上而下的資源控制與由下而上的溝通協調，以工作、學習的參與，建立與老師們的新工作型態與合作關係，非正式的工作小組，打破教學領域間的隔閡，由尋找空間議題開始到參與式設計實踐方案的形成，不斷的在行動過程中觀察、紀錄情境的改變，藉以修正行動策略，最後以解決校園實質的空間環境問題來實踐，提出具體改善策略。
以行動研究理論作為研究方法，由深入研究現場的行動，將參與的過程完整紀錄，透過對情境的真實感受，發展成行動模式與步驟，在過程中隨著行動模式的複雜、參與人數的增加，規模也迅速擴大，影響到的層次也愈深入。研究者為了釐清問題與分析情境，將行動分為發展階段和實踐階段，共八大步驟，各步驟中的重要事件、學校的態度與行為、專業者的行動、預期成效等均會影響整體行動的過程，而互相發生關聯，這樣的機制建立後更可以將行動中的過程回饋循環，再予以延伸行動。
分析行動模式中的運作機制、互動關係及影響，體驗出以下五點參與式設計的行動策略：
一、 透明參與
二、 台階角色
三、 良性競爭
四、 融滲關係
五、 資源整合
並提出行動省思與後續行動的建議，以作為未來推動校園營造之參考。

關鍵字

九年一貫課程 ； 校園營造 ； 行動研究 ； 環境教育 ； 參與式設計

並列摘要

The researcher used the strategy of environment education to participatory school design. By the means of Nine-Years Joint Curriculum incorporated School-Based Curriculum Development. Tried to find the real needs of the space in the school and kicked off a series of participatory activities. From September 2001 to January 2002, the whole members in school spent all semester to promote the curriculum named “The Gate” in Elementary School of Taipei Municipal Teacher College. The teachers and students were led to the circumstance in direct participatory courses. In use of the collecting opinions from students and the new gate designing competition found present space problems and redefined the power of the space in school.
In process of the action we performed “Top-Down” of the resources control and “Bottom-Up” of cooperation with other teachers. Built the new work relationship with teachers, so as to participate in this action. Informal work group broke the ordinary estrangement among every field. From confirming the common issue to the designing project finished the researcher observed and wrote down the changes in circumstance to correct the action strategy. Finally, brought up a specific idea to solve the real problems of school environment.
Going deep into the research place and taking down the whole action process are the methods of action research. The real feelings in circumstance developed the action models and steps. As the more participatory members and the more complicated action models can affect the deeper level problems. For clearing the problems and analyzing the circumstance the researcher defined two stages, eight steps of the action. These things including important matters, attitude, behaviors of school, actions of professional group and so on, will affect the whole process. To build the interaction relationship makes the action recycle and extend.
Analyze the mechanism, relationship and influences of action models to bring up five strategies:
1. Open Participatory
2. The role of stairs
3. Good competition
4. Merge Relationship
5. Handle the resources
And give some suggestions for other participatory school design in the future.

並列關鍵字

Action Research ； School Development ； Nine-Years Joint Curriculum ； Environmental Education ； Participatory Design

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