「願景」於變革管理影響之研究--應用於群體支援系統導入

How does Vision influence Change Management--Adopting GSS in Organization

葉至凱(Chih-Kai Yeh)

指導教授 ： 劉士豪

中原大學/商學院/資訊管理研究所/碩士(2003年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200300145

摘要

本研究旨在討論「願景」在變革管理中的影響，在現今商場劇烈的競爭、更激烈的科技變革，造成了組織無時無刻不在面對變革，在討論到變革時，又不得不提到「願景」，而大多數有關「願景」的討論皆傾向於高深莫測而神秘的因子，但是「願景」在變革的過程中到底扮演了什麼樣的角色？「願景」是如何影響變革的過程？
在另一方面，近來由於「知識管理」的興起，如何利用群組支援系統在組織中建立共同專業的社群在資訊科技的導入佔有很重要的地位，組織莫不致力於建立學習型組織，希望透過新資訊科技的導入，加強組織成員有意學習的過程，管理專業知識，推動組織新文化。在國內，我們常看見組織在導入資訊系統時，以「強制使用」來達到組織全面使用新科技來解決效度問題及達成學習型組織的目的，組織成員在面對領導人以「強制力」使其接受新科技時又會產生什麼樣的過程？是否會如[Markus,1987]所提出臨界大眾理論所述，新互動媒體在團體內使用量達到「廣泛的存取」時，將會產生爆發性的成長，而達至最大利益？本研究以科技接受模型為基礎，92名高職學生為實驗對象，以變異數分析、迴歸分析及個案討論方法探討群組支援系統導入的過程。
本研究主要研究結果為（一）願景的宣導及溝通在變革的過程中是不可或缺的階段，且需要長時間的作用才能顯現其效力。（二）科技接受模型應用在「群組支援系統」的導入仍是有用的。（三）「強制力」的使用在本研究所導入的「群組支援系統」過程，也許可以快速地讓使用者使用新科技，但可能無法達到極佳的效益。（四）臨界大眾理論所述之廣泛的存取必需是系統的使用可以回饋系統的有用性，才能形成爆發性的使用，而達到最佳使用效益。

關鍵字

群體支援系統 ； 變革管理 ； 科技接受模型 ； 願景 ； 臨界大眾理論

並列摘要

The research explores the impact of Vision on Change Management.The intense competition in Business and more dramatic speed in technical reformation, force organizations to face changes all the time. On changes, Vision is an indispensable topic. However, most discussions on Vision are too profound to understand. But, which role does Vision play in influencing the change process?
On the other hand, due to the rise of Knowledge Management, how to use GSS (Group support system) to build up common professional communities is essential for the introduction of a new technology, which organizations are all dedicated to. They hope the new introduction of technology can make their workers willing to learn. Then, workers learn how to manage professional knowledge, which gives birth to a new culture in an organization. Domestic organizations often enforce new technology on their workers to reach the purposes of efficiency and learning organizations. How is the result of the enforcement? Will the result support Critical Mass Theory by Markus? When the use of a new mutual media in a group reaches Universal Access, it reaches the biggest margin. On the bases of TAM(Technology acceptance module), 92 vocational school students as subjects, the ANOVA、Regression Analysis and case studies, this research explores the process of GSS effects The main results of these research are: first, the communication process of Vision is indispensable in changes, but it takes time: second,TAM module is useful for the introduction of GSS,third, enforcement on GSS process makes workers learn new technology faster but may not reach the biggest margin: fourth, the Universal Access in Critical Mass Theory can only reach the explosive use amount to make the biggest margin, when the use of the system is helpful.

並列關鍵字

Technology Acceptance Model(TAM) ； Change management ； Critical mass theory ； Group support systems ； Vision

參考文獻

Peter F.Drucker(1999),”Management Challenges for the 21st Century,”劉毓玲譯，天下文化出版。

Adams,D.A.,R.R.Nelson and P.A.Todd,“Perceived usefulness,ease of use,and usageof information technology:A replication ”,MIS Quarterly,16(2),pp.227-247

Agarwal,R.and J.Prasad,“Are individ ual differences germane to the acceptance of new information technologies ”,Decision Sciences,30(2),1999,pp.361-391

Callan, V. J., Therry, D. J. and R. Schweitzer. “Coping resources,coping strategies and adjustment to organizational change: Direct ofbuffering effects?” Work and Stress, 8,1994,p372-383.

Collins,J.C.and J.I.Porras,”Organizational Vision and VisionaryOrganizations ”,California Management Review,34（1）,pp30-52,1991.