摘要 自80年代大陸進行改革開放之後,海峽兩岸隨著政治、經貿關係的解凍,台灣室內設計業者赴大陸投資的活動已是不可避免的趨勢。然而海峽兩岸將近四十餘年的隔離,造成雙方在文化、社會、意識型態、工作價值觀及政治經濟制度等因素的明顯差異,使得台灣室內設計業者在執行兩岸管理時,尤其是人力資源管理方面,面臨了阻礙及挫折。因此,本研究的目的在探討、比較兩岸室內設計業者工作價值觀與工作態度(工作滿足、組織承諾、工作投入)的關聯情形,以期能「知己知彼」,提昇台灣室內設計業者在兩岸之人力資源管理效能。 本研究以台北及上海的室內設計業者為問卷調查對象,研究方法以次數分配、描述性統計、卡方考驗、t檢定、二因子變異述分析、Scheffe事後多重比較、Pearson相關分析、逐步迴歸分析等,經以電腦統計軟體SPSS 8.0對501份有效問卷統計分析,研究結果發現如下: 1. 兩地業者對工作價值觀6個因素的重視程度全都在70﹪以上,其工作滿足、組織承諾、工作投入的程度也在60﹪以上。 2. 兩地不同個人屬性的室內設計業者各變項間大部分具有關聯性。 3. 兩地不同屬性的室內設計業者在工作價值觀、工作態度(工作滿足、組織承諾、工作投入)上有部分顯著差異。 4. 工作價值觀各因素、工作滿足、組織承諾、工作投入相互間絕大部分有顯著正相關。 5. 兩地業者的個人屬性、工作價值觀對其工作態度(工作滿足、組織承諾、工作投入)有顯著的預測力,且兩地間有顯著差異。 本研究僅針對台北及上海兩個地區進行問卷調查研究,以致在研究結果的推論上必須受到一些限制,但對於欲赴大陸開闢另一市場的台灣室內設計業者而言,本研究的結果及發現應仍有一定程度之參考價值。建議後續研究,可以考量不同研究重心及主題,深入分析各變數間構成項目的互動關係,或是加入影響工作態度的變項,例如跨文化、企業文化、人格特質,以擴充研究結果的完整性。
Abstract After Mainland China implemented reforms and opened up during the 1980s and following a thaw in cross-straits political affairs and economic trade relations, Taiwanese interior design entrepreneurs pursuing investment activities in Mainland China became an unavoidable trend. Nevertheless, after more than forty years of cross-straits separation, a mutual and significant divergence has been created in factors of culture, society, mold and condition of consciousness, work values, and political and economic systems. These factors caused Taiwanese interior design entrepreneurs who implement cross-straits management, especially in the aspect of human resource management, to be faced with obstructions and setbacks. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to investigate and compare the relationships and conditions of work values and attitudes (job satisfaction, commitment to organizations, and job input) of cross-straits interior design entrepreneurs, and through the principle of “correctly estimating your own strength as well as your opponent’s strength” supply Taiwanese interior design entrepreneurs with efficient cross-straits management. This study used interior design entrepreneurs in Taipei as well as Shanghai for questionnaire survey subjects. Frequency distribution, descriptive statistics, chi-square test, t-test, two-way ANOVA, Scheffe posterior multiple comparison, Pearson correlation, and gradual regression analysis were used for research methods, and computerized statistics software, SPSS 8.0 was used for statistical analysis on 501 valid questionnaires. The research results and findings are as follows: 1. For work values of entrepreneurs in the two locations, the complete level of importance was above 70%. For job satisfaction, commitment to organizations, and job input, the level was also over 60%. 2. The vast majority of variation items for different personal attributes were related for interior design entrepreneurs. 3. A portion of the different attributes of work values and work attitudes (job satisfaction, commitment to organizations, and job input) for interior design entrepreneurs in both locations had significant variation. 4. The vast majority of work ethic factors, job satisfaction, commitment to organizations, and job input mutually had a significant positive correlation. 5. In both locations, personal attributes of entrepreneurs, work values, and work attitudes (job satisfaction, commitment to organizations, and job input) had significant predictability; moreover, there was signification variation between the two locations. This study was only directed at two locations, Taipei and Shanghai, and it implemented a questionnaire survey. As a result, the inference of the research results necessarily had limitations. However, to Taiwanese interior design entrepreneurs who arehoping to invest themselves into opening another market in Mainland China, the results and findings of this study should still have definite value as a reference.The recommendations for future research can be used to weigh and measure different research cores and themes. By deeply analyzing the interactive relationships of compositional items between variables or weighing in the variables for the influence of work attitudes, for example cross-cultural, enterprise culture, and distinguishing characteristics of moral integrity, the completeness of the research results can be expanded.